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KAIST Research Team Develops Electronic Ink for Room-Temperature Printing of High-Resolution, Variable-Stiffness Electronics
A team of researchers from KAIST and Seoul National University has developed a groundbreaking electronic ink that enables room-temperature printing of variable-stiffness circuits capable of switching between rigid and soft modes. This advancement marks a significant leap toward next-generation wearable, implantable, and robotic devices.
< Photo 1. (From left) Professor Jae-Woong Jeong and PhD candidate Simok Lee of the School of Electrical Engineering, (in separate bubbles, from left) Professor Gun-Hee Lee of Pusan National University, Professor Seongjun Park of Seoul National University, Professor Steve Park of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering>
Variable-stiffness electronics are at the forefront of adaptive technology, offering the ability for a single device to transition between rigid and soft modes depending on its use case. Gallium, a metal known for its high rigidity contrast between solid and liquid states, is a promising candidate for such applications. However, its use has been hindered by challenges including high surface tension, low viscosity, and undesirable phase transitions during manufacturing.
On June 4th, a research team led by Professor Jae-Woong Jeong from the School of Electrical Engineering at KAIST, Professor Seongjun Park from the Digital Healthcare Major at Seoul National University, and Professor Steve Park from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at KAIST introduced a novel liquid metal electronic ink. This ink allows for micro-scale circuit printing – thinner than a human hair – at room temperature, with the ability to reversibly switch between rigid and soft modes depending on temperature.
The new ink combines printable viscosity with excellent electrical conductivity, enabling the creation of complex, high-resolution multilayer circuits comparable to commercial printed circuit boards (PCBs). These circuits can dynamically change stiffness in response to temperature, presenting new opportunities for multifunctional electronics, medical technologies, and robotics.
Conventional electronics typically have fixed form factors – either rigid for durability or soft for wearability. Rigid devices like smartphones and laptops offer robust performance but are uncomfortable when worn, while soft electronics are more comfortable but lack precise handling. As demand grows for devices that can adapt their stiffness to context, variable-stiffness electronics are becoming increasingly important.
< Figure 1. Fabrication process of stable, high-viscosity electronic ink by dispersing micro-sized gallium particles in a polymer matrix (left). High-resolution large-area circuit printing process through pH-controlled chemical sintering (right). >
To address this challenge, the researchers focused on gallium, which melts just below body temperature. Solid gallium is quite stiff, while its liquid form is fluid and soft. Despite its potential, gallium’s use in electronic printing has been limited by its high surface tension and instability when melted.
To overcome these issues, the team developed a pH-controlled liquid metal ink printing process. By dispersing micro-sized gallium particles into a hydrophilic polyurethane matrix using a neutral solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide, or DMSO), they created a stable, high-viscosity ink suitable for precision printing. During post-print heating, the DMSO decomposes to form an acidic environment, which removes the oxide layer on the gallium particles. This triggers the particles to coalesce into electrically conductive networks with tunable mechanical properties.
The resulting printed circuits exhibit fine feature sizes (~50 μm), high conductivity (2.27 × 10⁶ S/m), and a stiffness modulation ratio of up to 1,465 – allowing the material to shift from plastic-like rigidity to rubber-like softness. Furthermore, the ink is compatible with conventional printing techniques such as screen printing and dip coating, supporting large-area and 3D device fabrication.
< Figure 2. Key features of the electronic ink. (i) High-resolution printing and multilayer integration capability. (ii) Batch fabrication capability through large-area screen printing. (iii) Complex three-dimensional structure printing capability through dip coating. (iv) Excellent electrical conductivity and stiffness control capability.>
The team demonstrated this technology by developing a multi-functional device that operates as a rigid portable electronic under normal conditions but transforms into a soft wearable healthcare device when attached to the body. They also created a neural probe that remains stiff during surgical insertion for accurate positioning but softens once inside brain tissue to reduce inflammation – highlighting its potential for biomedical implants.
< Figure 3. Variable stiffness wearable electronics with high-resolution circuits and multilayer structure comparable to commercial printed circuit boards (PCBs). Functions as a rigid portable electronic device at room temperature, then transforms into a wearable healthcare device by softening at body temperature upon skin contact.>
“The core achievement of this research lies in overcoming the longstanding challenges of liquid metal printing through our innovative technology,” said Professor Jeong. “By controlling the ink’s acidity, we were able to electrically and mechanically connect printed gallium particles, enabling the room-temperature fabrication of high-resolution, large-area circuits with tunable stiffness. This opens up new possibilities for future personal electronics, medical devices, and robotics.”
< Figure 4. Body-temperature softening neural probe implemented by coating electronic ink on an optical waveguide structure. (Left) Remains rigid during surgery for precise manipulation and brain insertion, then softens after implantation to minimize mechanical stress on the brain and greatly enhance biocompatibility. (Right) >
This research was published in Science Advances under the title, “Phase-Change Metal Ink with pH-Controlled Chemical Sintering for Versatile and Scalable Fabrication of Variable Stiffness Electronics.” The work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea, the Boston-Korea Project, and the BK21 FOUR Program.
2025.06.04 View 169 -
RAIBO Runs over Walls with Feline Agility... Ready for Effortless Search over Mountaineous and Rough Terrains
< Photo 1. Research Team Photo (Professor Jemin Hwangbo, second from right in the front row) >
KAIST's quadrupedal robot, RAIBO, can now move at high speed across discontinuous and complex terrains such as stairs, gaps, walls, and debris. It has demonstrated its ability to run on vertical walls, leap over 1.3-meter-wide gaps, sprint at approximately 14.4 km/h over stepping stones, and move quickly and nimbly on terrain combining 30° slopes, stairs, and stepping stones. RaiBo is expected to be deployed soon for practical missions such as disaster site exploration and mountain searches.
Professor Jemin Hwangbo's research team in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at our university announced on June 3rd that they have developed a quadrupedal robot navigation framework capable of high-speed locomotion at 14.4 km/h (4m/s) even on discontinuous and complex terrains such as walls, stairs, and stepping stones.
The research team developed a quadrupedal navigation system that enables the robot to reach its target destination quickly and safely in complex and discontinuous terrain.
To achieve this, they approached the problem by breaking it down into two stages: first, developing a planner for planning foothold positions, and second, developing a tracker to accurately follow the planned foothold positions.
First, the planner module quickly searches for physically feasible foothold positions using a sampling-based optimization method with neural network-based heuristics and verifies the optimal path through simulation rollouts.
While existing methods considered various factors such as contact timing and robot posture in addition to foothold positions, this research significantly reduced computational complexity by setting only foothold positions as the search space. Furthermore, inspired by the walking method of cats, the introduction of a structure where the hind feet step on the same spots as the front feet further significantly reduced computational complexity.
< Figure 1. High-speed navigation across various discontinuous terrains >
Second, the tracker module is trained to accurately step on planned positions, and tracking training is conducted through a generative model that competes in environments of appropriate difficulty.
The tracker is trained through reinforcement learning to accurately step on planned plots, and during this process, a generative model called the 'map generator' provides the target distribution.
This generative model is trained simultaneously and adversarially with the tracker to allow the tracker to progressively adapt to more challenging difficulties. Subsequently, a sampling-based planner was designed to generate feasible foothold plans that can reflect the characteristics and performance of the trained tracker.
This hierarchical structure showed superior performance in both planning speed and stability compared to existing techniques, and experiments proved its high-speed locomotion capabilities across various obstacles and discontinuous terrains, as well as its general applicability to unseen terrains.
Professor Jemin Hwangbo stated, "We approached the problem of high-speed navigation in discontinuous terrain, which previously required a significantly large amount of computation, from the simple perspective of how to select the footprint positions. Inspired by the placements of cat's paw, allowing the hind feet to step where the front feet stepped drastically reduced computation. We expect this to significantly expand the range of discontinuous terrain that walking robots can overcome and enable them to traverse it at high speeds, contributing to the robot's ability to perform practical missions such as disaster site exploration and mountain searches."
This research achievement was published in the May 2025 issue of the international journal Science Robotics.
Paper Title: High-speed control and navigation for quadrupedal robots on complex and discrete terrain, (https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.ads6192)YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/EZbM594T3c4?si=kfxLF2XnVUvYVIyk
2025.06.04 View 154 -
Professor Hyun Myung's Team Wins Challenge at ICRA by IEEE
< Photo 1. (From left) Daebeom Kim (Team Leader, Ph.D. student), Seungjae Lee (Ph.D. student), Seoyeon Jang (Ph.D. student), Jei Gong (Master's student), Professor Hyun Myung >
The Urban Robotics Lab team, led by Professor Hyun Myung from the School of Electrical Engineering at our university, achieved a remarkable first-place overall victory in the Nothing Stands Still Challenge (NSS Challenge) 2025, held at the 2025 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), the world's most prestigious robotics conference, from May 19 to 23 in Atlanta, USA.
The NSS Challenge was co-hosted by HILTI, a global construction company based in Liechtenstein, and Stanford University's Gradient Spaces Group. It is an expanded version of the HILTI SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping)* Challenge, which has been held since 2021, and is considered one of the most prominent challenges at 2025 IEEE ICRA.*SLAM: Refers to Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, a technology where robots, drones, autonomous vehicles, etc., determine their own position and simultaneously create a map of their surroundings.
< Photo 2. Oral Presentation on the Winning Team's Technology (Speakers: Seungjae Lee, Ph.D. student, and Seoyeon Jang, Ph.D. student) >
This challenge primarily evaluates how accurately and robustly LiDAR scan data, collected at various times, can be registered in situations with frequent structural changes, such as construction and industrial environments. In particular, it is regarded as a highly technical competition because it deals with multi-session localization and mapping (Multi-session SLAM) technology that responds to structural changes occurring over multiple timeframes, rather than just single-point registration accuracy.
The Urban Robotics Lab team secured first place overall, surpassing National Taiwan University (3rd place) and Northwestern Polytechnical University of China (2nd place) by a significant margin, with their unique localization and mapping technology that solves the problem of registering LiDAR data collected across multiple times and spaces. The winning team will be awarded a prize of $4,000.
< Figure 1. Example of Multiway-Registration for Registering Multiple Scans >
The Urban Robotics Lab team independently developed a multiway-registration framework that can robustly register multiple scans even without prior connection information. This framework consists of an algorithm for summarizing feature points within scans and finding correspondences (CubicFeat), an algorithm for performing global registration based on the found correspondences (Quatro), and an algorithm for refining results based on change detection (Chamelion). This combination of technologies ensures stable registration performance based on fixed structures, even in highly dynamic industrial environments.
< Figure 2. Example of Change Detection Using the Chamelion Algorithm>
LiDAR scan registration technology is a core component of SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) in various autonomous systems such as autonomous vehicles, autonomous robots, autonomous walking systems, and autonomous flying vehicles.
Professor Hyun Myung of the School of Electrical Engineering stated, "This award-winning technology is evaluated as a case that simultaneously proves both academic value and industrial applicability by maximizing the performance of precisely estimating the relative positions between different scans even in complex environments. I am grateful to the students who challenged themselves and never gave up, even when many teams abandoned due to the high difficulty."
< Figure 3. Competition Result Board, Lower RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) Indicates Higher Score (Unit: meters)>
Meanwhile, the Urban Robotics Lab team first participated in the SLAM Challenge in 2022, winning second place among academic teams, and in 2023, they secured first place overall in the LiDAR category and first place among academic teams in the vision category.
2025.05.30 View 126 -
KAIST Develops Virtual Staining Technology for 3D Histopathology
Moving beyond traditional methods of observing thinly sliced and stained cancer tissues, a collaborative international research team led by KAIST has successfully developed a groundbreaking technology. This innovation uses advanced optical techniques combined with an artificial intelligence-based deep learning algorithm to create realistic, virtually stained 3D images of cancer tissue without the need for serial sectioning nor staining. This breakthrough is anticipated to pave the way for next-generation non-invasive pathological diagnosis.
< Photo 1. (From left) Juyeon Park (Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Physics), Professor YongKeun Park (Department of Physics) (Top left) Professor Su-Jin Shin (Gangnam Severance Hospital), Professor Tae Hyun Hwang (Vanderbilt University School of Medicine) >
KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on the 26th that a research team led by Professor YongKeun Park of the Department of Physics, in collaboration with Professor Su-Jin Shin's team at Yonsei University Gangnam Severance Hospital, Professor Tae Hyun Hwang's team at Mayo Clinic, and Tomocube's AI research team, has developed an innovative technology capable of vividly displaying the 3D structure of cancer tissues without separate staining.
For over 200 years, conventional pathology has relied on observing cancer tissues under a microscope, a method that only shows specific cross-sections of the 3D cancer tissue. This has limited the ability to understand the three-dimensional connections and spatial arrangements between cells.
To overcome this, the research team utilized holotomography (HT), an advanced optical technology, to measure the 3D refractive index information of tissues. They then integrated an AI-based deep learning algorithm to successfully generate virtual H&E* images.* H&E (Hematoxylin & Eosin): The most widely used staining method for observing pathological tissues. Hematoxylin stains cell nuclei blue, and eosin stains cytoplasm pink.
The research team quantitatively demonstrated that the images generated by this technology are highly similar to actual stained tissue images. Furthermore, the technology exhibited consistent performance across various organs and tissues, proving its versatility and reliability as a next-generation pathological analysis tool.
< Figure 1. Comparison of conventional 3D tissue pathology procedure and the 3D virtual H&E staining technology proposed in this study. The traditional method requires preparing and staining dozens of tissue slides, while the proposed technology can reduce the number of slides by up to 10 times and quickly generate H&E images without the staining process. >
Moreover, by validating the feasibility of this technology through joint research with hospitals and research institutions in Korea and the United States, utilizing Tomocube's holotomography equipment, the team demonstrated its potential for full-scale adoption in real-world pathological research settings.
Professor YongKeun Park stated, "This research marks a major advancement by transitioning pathological analysis from conventional 2D methods to comprehensive 3D imaging. It will greatly enhance biomedical research and clinical diagnostics, particularly in understanding cancer tumor boundaries and the intricate spatial arrangements of cells within tumor microenvironments."
< Figure 2. Results of AI-based 3D virtual H&E staining and quantitative analysis of pathological tissue. The virtually stained images enabled 3D reconstruction of key pathological features such as cell nuclei and glandular lumens. Based on this, various quantitative indicators, including cell nuclear distribution, volume, and surface area, could be extracted. >
This research, with Juyeon Park, a student of the Integrated Master’s and Ph.D. Program at KAIST, as the first author, was published online in the prestigious journal Nature Communications on May 22.
(Paper title: Revealing 3D microanatomical structures of unlabeled thick cancer tissues using holotomography and virtual H&E staining.
[https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59820-0]
This study was supported by the Leader Researcher Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea, the Global Industry Technology Cooperation Center Project of the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology, and the Korea Health Industry Development Institute.
2025.05.26 View 677 -
KAIST Hosts 2025 Integrity Week: In Commitment to Moral Excellence with Programs like "Integrity Consultation on Call" - Promoting Ethical Conduct and Rebuilding Trust
KAIST announced on May 26th that it hosted the "2025 KAIST Integrity Week." The goal was to enhance the integrity and anti-corruption awareness of its members and foster a culture of responsibility and trust within the organization. This initiative included participatory programs such as consultations, education, and campaigns on research and academic integrity.
Under the theme "KAIST Practicing Responsibility and Trust," this Integrity Week featured diverse programs designed for both faculty, staff, and students.
< The Integrity Week Poster >
On the first day of Integrity Week, President Kwang Hyung Lee sent a letter to all members, proclaiming KAIST's commitment to integrity and emphasizing its importance.
Key programs include:
• "Integrity Consultations on Call" to enhance the culture of ethical conduct.
• A program in a quiz show format, the “Integrity Golden Bell,"
• Integrity and Anti-Corruption Education Day.
• Integrity Campaigns aimed at improving internal culture of observing the code of conduct.
These events are designed to encourage participation from both faculty, staff, and students.
In particular, the " Integrity Consultations on Call" were held for graduate student council executives, departmental graduate student representatives, and research support personnel. This was a forum to discuss integrity issues and improvement measures that may arise during research and administrative tasks. It will also serve to share effective integrity policies, such as conflict of interest prevention systems and anonymous reporting legal counsel services.
The "Integrity Golden Bell" event was aimed to enhance faculty and staff's understanding of anti-corruption laws, including the Improper Solicitation and Graft Act and the Conflict of Interest Prevention Act, and to encourage their voluntary commitment to these principles.
< The Integrity Week Poster >
The goals KAIST was targeting to achieve through this Integrity Week, was to integrate the value of ethical practices in daily routines and cultivate a healthy culture within the working environment in which its working colleagues can trust each other. Furthermore, KAIST aims to make integrity a core value that can bolster sustainable development, encouraging all members to actively participate in practicing honest and responsible research and academic work.
President Kwang Hyung Lee stated, "Ethical conduct and honesty is at the essence of science and technology that people of the community must uphold conscientiously, and it should be the foundation for KAIST to regain and maintain global trust. We hope that through this Integrity Week, the value of integrity will take deeper root within our research culture and daily lives."
2025.05.26 View 317 -
KAIST to Develop a Korean-style ChatGPT Platform Specifically Geared Toward Medical Diagnosis and Drug Discovery
On May 23rd, KAIST (President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced that its Digital Bio-Health AI Research Center (Director: Professor JongChul Ye of KAIST Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI) has been selected for the Ministry of Science and ICT's 'AI Top-Tier Young Researcher Support Program (AI Star Fellowship Project).' With a total investment of ₩11.5 billion from May 2025 to December 2030, the center will embark on the full-scale development of AI technology and a platform capable of independently inferring and determining the kinds of diseases, and discovering new drugs.
< Photo. On May 20th, a kick-off meeting for the AI Star Fellowship Project was held at KAIST Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI’s Yangjae Research Center with the KAIST research team and participating organizations of Samsung Medical Center, NAVER Cloud, and HITS. [From left to right in the front row] Professor Jaegul Joo (KAIST), Professor Yoonjae Choi (KAIST), Professor Woo Youn Kim (KAIST/HITS), Professor JongChul Ye (KAIST), Professor Sungsoo Ahn (KAIST), Dr. Haanju Yoo (NAVER Cloud), Yoonho Lee (KAIST), HyeYoon Moon (Samsung Medical Center), Dr. Su Min Kim (Samsung Medical Center) >
This project aims to foster an innovative AI research ecosystem centered on young researchers and develop an inferential AI agent that can utilize and automatically expand specialized knowledge systems in the bio and medical fields.
Professor JongChul Ye of the Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI will serve as the lead researcher, with young researchers from KAIST including Professors Yoonjae Choi, Kimin Lee, Sungsoo Ahn, and Chanyoung Park, along with mid-career researchers like Professors Jaegul Joo and Woo Youn Kim, jointly undertaking the project. They will collaborate with various laboratories within KAIST to conduct comprehensive research covering the entire cycle from the theoretical foundations of AI inference to its practical application.
Specifically, the main goals include: - Building high-performance inference models that integrate diverse medical knowledge systems to enhance the precision and reliability of diagnosis and treatment. - Developing a convergence inference platform that efficiently combines symbol-based inference with neural network models. - Securing AI technology for new drug development and biomarker discovery based on 'cell ontology.'
Furthermore, through close collaboration with industry and medical institutions such as Samsung Medical Center, NAVER Cloud, and HITS Co., Ltd., the project aims to achieve: - Clinical diagnostic AI utilizing medical knowledge systems. - AI-based molecular target exploration for new drug development. - Commercialization of an extendible AI inference platform.
Professor JongChul Ye, Director of KAIST's Digital Bio-Health AI Research Center, stated, "At a time when competition in AI inference model development is intensifying, it is a great honor for KAIST to lead the development of AI technology specialized in the bio and medical fields with world-class young researchers." He added, "We will do our best to ensure that the participating young researchers reach a world-leading level in terms of research achievements after the completion of this seven-year project starting in 2025."
The AI Star Fellowship is a newly established program where post-doctoral researchers and faculty members within seven years of appointment participate as project leaders (PLs) to independently lead research. Multiple laboratories within a university and demand-side companies form a consortium to operate the program.
Through this initiative, KAIST plans to nurture bio-medical convergence AI talent and simultaneously promote the commercialization of core technologies in collaboration with Samsung Medical Center, NAVER Cloud, and HITS.
2025.05.26 View 800 -
KAIST’s Next-Generation Small Satellite-2 Completes a Two-Year Mission – the Successful Observation of Arctic and Forest Changes
KAIST (President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced on the 25th of May that the Next-Generation Small Satellite-2 developed by the Satellite Technology Research Center (SaTReC, Director Jaeheung Han) and launched aboard the third Nuri rocket from the Naro Space Center at 18:24 on May 25, 2023, has successfully completed its two-year core mission of verifying homegrown Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology and conducting all-weather Earth observations.
The SAR system onboard the satellite was designed, manufactured, and tested domestically for the first time by KAIST’s Satellite Research Center. As of May 25, 2025, it has successfully completed its two-year in-orbit technology demonstration mission.
Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the SAR system was mounted on the 100 kg-class Next-Generation Small Satellite-2, marking a major step forward in the miniaturization and weight reduction of spaceborne radar systems and strengthening Korea’s competitiveness in satellite technology.
< Figure 1. Conceptual diagram of Earth observation by the Next-Generation Small Satellite No. 2's synthetic aperture radar >
The developed SAR is an active sensor that uses electromagnetic waves, allowing all-weather image acquisition regardless of time of day or weather conditions. This makes it especially useful for monitoring regions like the Korean Peninsula, which frequently experiences rain and cloud cover, as it can observe even in cloudy and rainy conditions or darkness.
Since its launch, the satellite has carried out three to four image acquisitions per day on average, undergoing functionality checks and technology verifications. To date, it has completed over 1,200 Earth observations and the SAR continues to perform stably, supporting ongoing observation tasks even beyond its designated mission lifespan.
< Photo 1. Researchers of the Next-Generation Small Satellite No. 2 at SatRec, taken at the KAIST ground station. (From left) Sung-Og Park, Jung-soo Lee, Hongyoung Park, TaeSeong Jang (Next-Generation Small Satellite No. 2 Project Manager), Seyeon Kim, Mi Young Park, Yongmin Kim, DongGuk Kim >
Although still in the domestic technology verification stage, KAIST’s Satellite Research Center has been collaborating with the Korea Polar Research Institute (Director Hyoung Chul Shin) and the Korea National Park Research Institute (Director Jin Tae Kim) since March 2024 to prioritize imaging of areas of interest related to Arctic ice changes and forest ecosystem monitoring.
KAIST’s Satellite Research Center is conducting repeated observations of Arctic sea ice, and the Remote Sensing and Cryosphere Information Center of the Korea Polar Research Institute is analyzing the results using time-series data to precisely track changes in sea ice area and structure due to climate change.
< Photo 2. Radar Images from Observations on July 24, 2024 - Around the Atchafalaya River in Louisiana, USA. The Wax Lake Delta is seen growing like a leaf. >
Recently, the Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), by integrating observation data from the Next-Generation Small Satellite No. 2 and the European Space Agency's (ESA) Sentinel-1, detected a significant increase of 15 km² in the area of an ice lake behind Canada's Milne Ice Shelf (a massive, floating layer of ice where glaciers flow from land into the sea) between 2021 and 2025. This has exacerbated structural instability and is analyzed as an important sign indicating the acceleration of Arctic climate change.
Hyuncheol Kim, Director of the Remote Sensing and Cryosphere Information Center at the Korea Polar Research Institute, stated, “This research clearly demonstrates how vulnerable Arctic ice shelves are to climate change. We will continue to monitor and analyze Arctic environmental changes using the SAR aboard the Next-Generation Small Satellite-2 and promote international collaboration.” He added, “We also plan to present these findings at international academic conferences and expand educational and outreach efforts to raise public awareness about changes in the Arctic environment.”
< Photo 3. Sinduri Coastal Dune, Taean Coastal National Park, Taean-gun, Chungcheongnam-do >
In collaboration with the Climate Change Research Center of the National Park Research Institute, SAR imagery from the satellite is also being used to study phenological shifts due to climate change, the dieback of conifers in high-altitude zones, and landslide monitoring in forest ecosystems. Researchers are also analyzing the spatial distribution of carbon storage in forest areas using satellite data, comparing it with field measurements to improve accuracy.
Because SAR is unaffected by light and weather conditions, it can observe through fire and smoke during wildfires, making it an exceptionally effective tool for the regular monitoring of large protected areas. It is expected to play an important role in shaping future forest conservation policies.
In addition, KAIST’s Satellite Research Center is working on a system to convert the satellite’s technology demonstration data into standardized imagery products, with budget support from the Korea Aerospace Administration (Administrator Youngbin Yoon), making the data more accessible to research institutions and boosting the usability of the satellite’s observations.
< Photo 4. Jang Bogo Station, Antarctica >
Jaeheung Han, Director of the Satellite Research Center, said, “The significance of the Next-Generation Small Satellite-2 lies not only in the success of domestic development, but also in its direct contribution to real-world environmental analysis and national research efforts. We will continue to focus on expanding the application of SAR data from the satellite.”
KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee remarked, “This satellite is a product of KAIST’s advanced space technology and the innovation capacity of its researchers. Its success signals KAIST’s potential to lead in future space technology talent development and R&D, and we will continue to accelerate efforts in this direction.”
< Photo 5. Confirmation of changes in the expanded area of the Milne Ice Shelf lake using observation data from Next-Generation Small Satellite No. 2 and Sentinel-1 >
2025.05.25 View 352 -
Hyung Kyu Lim, Former KAIST Alumni Association President, Donates 100 Million Won for a Challenge to Follow “I am a KAIST”
Hyung Kyu Lim, a former President of the KAIST Alumni Association, has donated 100 million won as the prize money for the School Song and National Anthem Challenge. This donation will be used as prize money starting from the 2026 competition and is expected to play a significant role in spreading KAIST's educational culture and fostering a sense of community.
< Photo 1. KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee (left) and the former Alumni Association President Hyung Kyu Lim at the ceremony for the signing of the pledge for Dr. Lim's donation. >
The School Song and National Anthem Challenge was first conceived in 2024 at the suggestion of President Kwang-Hyung Lee to enhance consensus on KAIST's values and educational philosophy and to inspire patriotism and school spirit. Participants express their sense of belonging and pride in KAIST by singing the KAIST school song, the national anthem, or the 'I'm a KAIST,' dedicated by Professor Sumi Jo, a visiting scholar at the Graduate School of Culture Technology. Notably, this year, a new category has been added where participants sing their self-composed 'My Own School Song,' making the stage more diverse.
The grand prize-winning team receives the President's Award and a prize of 1 million won. The top excellence award and participating teams also receive prizes and awards totaling 2 million won.
< Photo 2. At the ceremony for the signing of the donation pledge, KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee (left) is relaying a bouquet of flower and the plaque of appreciation to the former Alumni Association President Hyung Kyu Lim. >
Former Alumni Association President Hyung Kyu Lim stated, Love for the national community is the foundation of a sound global citizen consciousness. For me, love for this national community, along with family love, has been a great source of energy for growth.
He added, I hope this challenge of singing the national anthem and school song becomes a good nourishment for KAIST members to grow into global citizens with roots, expressing his thoughts on the donation.
President Kwang-Hyung Lee said, “I am grateful to former Alumni Association President Hyung Kyu Lim for his generous support of this meaningful program, which fosters pride in the school and raises interest in loving the country through the national anthem.” He added, “This donation will serve as an opportunity for KAIST members to cultivate a sense of belonging to the school and a sense of responsibility to the national community.”
Since 2018, former President Lim has annually donated prize money for the 'Linkgenesis Best Teacher Award,' encouraging faculty members who embody the values of creativity, challenge, and consideration. Furthermore, he has consistently contributed to KAIST's talent development and advancement by continuing to provide funds totaling 1 billion won, including scholarship funds for the Department of Electrical Engineering and the Alumni Academic Scholarship Foundation.
< Photo 3. Grand prize-winning team of the School Song and National Anthem Challenge >
Meanwhile, the '2nd School Song and National Anthem Challenge' was successfully held on May 21st at the main auditorium of KAIST, with over 150 spectators participating. Eight teams performed in the finals, and the final winning team was selected based on audience evaluation (10%) and judges' scores (90%).
< Photo 4. Grand prize-winning team of the School Song and National Anthem Challenge, Aeguk-Rock in performance >
The grand prize was awarded to the 'Aeguk-Rock' team, who arranged the national anthem into a rock version and performed it as a band. The top excellence award went to the 'Form of the Conductor' team, who sang the school song a cappella. The excellence award was given to Eun-Jin Choi, a student from the Graduate School of Culture Technology, who performed her self-composed school song written with an AI tool, 'Radiant You – You Are KAIST.' The 'Aeguk-Rock’ team also won the audience popularity award, and five other teams received participation awards.
< Photo 5. Group photo of the winners of the School Song and National Anthem Challenge >
2025.05.23 View 449 -
KAIST School of Computing Unveils 'KRAFTON Building,' A Symbol of Collective Generosity
< (From the fifth from the left) Provost and Executive Vice President Gyun Min Lee, Auditor Eun Woo Lee, President Kwang-Hyung Lee, Dean of the School of Computing Seok-Young Ryu, former Krafton member and donor Woong-Hee Cho, Krafton Chairman Byung-Gyu Chang >
KAIST announced on May 20th the completion of the expansion building for its School of Computing, the "KRAFTON Building." The project began in June 2021 with an ₩11 billion donation from KRAFTON and its employees, eventually growing to ₩11.7 billion with contributions from 204 donors.
Designed as a "Pay It Forward" space, the building aims to enable alumni to pass on the gratitude they received from the school to their juniors and foster connection. Byung-Gyu Chang, Chairman of KRAFTON and a KAIST alumnus, expressed his joy, stating, "I am very pleased that the first building created by alumni donations within KAIST is now complete, and I hope it will continue to be a space for communication, challenges, and growth that connects to the next generation."
The completion ceremony, held today at 3 PM in front of the KRAFTON SoC (School of Computing) Building at KAIST's main campus, was attended by over 100 people, including Chairman Byung-Gyu Chang, KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee, and Dean Seok-Young Ryu of the KAIST School of Computing.
The building's inception dates back to June 2021, with an ₩11 billion donation from the gaming company KRAFTON and its current and former members, dedicated to nurturing future software talent at KAIST. Four alumni, including KRAFTON Chairman Byung-Gyu Chang, who graduated from the KAIST School of Computing, were the first to pledge donations. This initial act inspired more participants, leading to ₩5.5 billion in individual donations from a total of 11 people. KRAFTON Inc. then matched this amount, bringing the total donation to ₩11 billion.
Since 2021, KRAFTON Inc. has operated a "Matching Grant" program, a donation culture initiative driven by its members. This system allows the company to match funds voluntarily raised by its employees, aiming to encourage active social participation and the creation of social value among its members.
Following this, another 11 KAIST alumni from Devsisters Inc., famous for the Cookie Run series, joined the donation effort. This wave of generosity expanded to include a total of 204 participants, comprising graduates, alumni professors, and current students, acting as a catalyst for the spread of a donation culture within the campus. To date, approximately ₩11.7 billion has been raised for the expansion of the School of Computing building. Furthermore, small donations, including those from alumni and the general public, have continuously grown, reaching over 50,000 instances from 2021 to May 2025.
The funds raised through donations were used to construct a 2,000-pyeong (approximately 6,600 square meters) building for individuals who, like Chairman Byung-Gyu Chang, will unleash their potential and become global leaders. The building was named "KRAFTON SoC (KRAFTON SoC)," and KRAFTON Inc. has further pledged additional donations for the building's maintenance over the next 10 years.
The newly completed KRAFTON Building is a six-story structure. From the second floor up, it features research labs for 20 professors and graduate students to freely pursue their research, along with large lecture halls. The first floor is designed as a meeting place for current students, alumni, and seniors, serving as a space to remember those who came before them.
The four lecture halls on the first floor are designated as "Immersion Camp Classrooms." During the summer and winter sessions, these rooms will be used for intensive month-long courses focused on improving coding and collaboration skills. During regular semesters, they will be utilized for other lectures.
Additionally, to support the physical and mental well-being of those weary from study and research, the building includes a small café on the first floor, a fitness center on the second floor, a Pilates studio on the fifth floor, and a soundproof band practice room in the basement.
Dean Seok-Young Ryu of the School of Computing explained, "The motivation for this wave of donations began with gratitude for the excellent professors and wonderful students, the free and open communication, the comfortable acceptance of diversity among various members, and the time when we could fearlessly dream. We cannot fully repay those who provided us with such precious time and space, but instead, this will be a 'Pay It Forward' space, a space of connection, where we share this gratitude with our juniors."
Alumnus Byung-Gyu Chang shared, "KAIST is more than just an academic foundation for me; it's a meaningful place that helped me set the direction for my life. I am very happy that this space, born from the desire of KRAFTON's members and myself to give back the opportunities and learning we received to the next generation, is completed today. I hope this space becomes a small but warm echo for KAIST members who freely communicate, challenge themselves, and grow."
< Congratulatory speech by alumnus Byung-Gyu Chang >
President Kwang-Hyung Lee stated, "The KRAFTON SoC, the expanded building for the School of Computing, is not just a space; it is the culmination of the KAIST community spirit created by alumni, current students, and faculty. I sincerely thank everyone who participated in this meaningful donation, which demonstrates the power of sharing and connection."
< Commemorative speech by President Kwang-Hyung Lee >
On a related note, the KAIST Development Foundation is actively promoting the "TeamKAIST" campaign for the general public and KAIST alumni to meet more "Daddy Long-Legs" (benefactors) for KAIST.
Website: https://giving.kaist.ac.kr/ko/sub01/sub0103_1.php
2025.05.21 View 556 -
<Big Coins> Exhibition: Where Coins and Imagination Collide - Held at SUPEX Hall, KAIST Seoul Campus
KAIST (President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced on May 19th the opening of the solo exhibition, “Big Coins,” by photographer and media artist Hojun Ji (Adjunct Professor, Department of Industrial Design) at the SUPEX Hall in the Business School of the Seoul Campus. The exhibition will run from May 19th to the end of February of the following year.
This exhibition at the KAIST Seoul Campus Business School presents artworks with an insightful perspective, inviting diverse interpretations from the audience. Notable pieces include ‘Priced,’ which juxtaposes Leonardo da Vinci's ‘Salvator Mundi,’ sold for approximately 450 million US dollars at a 2017 auction, with a Vatican coin bearing the image of Pope John XXIII. Another work, ‘Ciphered,’ superimposes a code used by the German army during World War II onto a Swiss coin featuring Helvetia.
< Priced, 150x150cm, 2025 >
Currently, Hojun Ji, an Adjunct Professor in KAIST’s Department of Industrial Design (and a student at the KAIST Graduate School of Culture Technology), creates his art using images captured by observing everyday objects through optical or electron microscopes.
He has garnered particular attention for his unique artistic world, which combines enlarged microscopic photographs of coins from across the globe with significant news articles from modern and contemporary history.
Yeo-sun Yoon, Dean of the College of Business Administration, commented, “While the KAIST Art Museum is located at the main campus in Daejeon, the College of Business Administration here on the Seoul Campus also regularly hosts exhibitions curated by the museum. I am delighted to encounter a new realm of art through this solo exhibition by Artist Hojun Ji.”
< Ciphered, 150x150cm, 2025 >
Hyeon-Jeong Suk, Director of the Art Museum and a Full Professor in KAIST’s Department of Industrial Design, remarked, “Professor Hojun Ji's experimental imagination is remarkably unique and eccentric. As a graduate student, he connected data from his observations of his lab dog’s droppings with Jeong Seon's <Geumgang Jeondo>. Such imaginative thinking exemplifies the direction KAIST is pursuing.”
Artist Hojun Ji stated, “The coins I examined through optical and electron microscopes were not merely a form of payment but rather portraits of humanity etched with time and power. The history and memories embedded in their fine cracks and textures resonated with me as a singular sculpture. I aim to unlock the vast world of imagination concealed within these small pieces of metal.”
< Geumgang Byeondo: a Variation of the View of Mt. Geumgang (a twist of Geumgang Jeondo - a Complete View of Geumgangsan Mountain, 1734), 80x120cm, 2009 >
Ji has presented experimental works that transcend the boundaries of science and art through numerous exhibitions both domestically and internationally. His work has also been featured on the cover of the international academic journal Digital Creativity and is increasingly recognized for its artistic merit, with pieces housed in the Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Turkey, the Seoul Museum of Art, and the 9/11 Memorial Center in the United States.
This solo exhibition, which will continue until the end of February of next year, is open to KAIST members and external visitors free of charge.
2025.05.20 View 629 -
“For the First Time, We Shared a Meaningful Exchange”: KAIST Develops an AI App for Parents and Minimally Verbal Autistic Children Connect
• KAIST team up with NAVER AI Lab and Dodakim Child Development Center Develop ‘AAcessTalk’, an AI-driven Communication Tool bridging the gap Between Children with Autism and their Parents
• The project earned the prestigious Best Paper Award at the ACM CHI 2025, the Premier International Conference in Human-Computer Interaction
• Families share heartwarming stories of breakthrough communication and newfound understanding.
< Photo 1. (From left) Professor Hwajung Hong and Doctoral candidate Dasom Choi of the Department of Industrial Design with SoHyun Park and Young-Ho Kim of Naver Cloud AI Lab >
For many families of minimally verbal autistic (MVA) children, communication often feels like an uphill battle. But now, thanks to a new AI-powered app developed by researchers at KAIST in collaboration with NAVER AI Lab and Dodakim Child Development Center, parents are finally experiencing moments of genuine connection with their children.
On the 16th, the KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) research team, led by Professor Hwajung Hong of the Department of Industrial Design, announced the development of ‘AAcessTalk,’ an artificial intelligence (AI)-based communication tool that enables genuine communication between children with autism and their parents.
This research was recognized for its human-centered AI approach and received international attention, earning the Best Paper Award at the ACM CHI 2025*, an international conference held in Yokohama, Japan.*ACM CHI (ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems) 2025: One of the world's most prestigious academic conference in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI).
This year, approximately 1,200 papers were selected out of about 5,000 submissions, with the Best Paper Award given to only the top 1%. The conference, which drew over 5,000 researchers, was the largest in its history, reflecting the growing interest in ‘Human-AI Interaction.’
Called AACessTalk, the app offers personalized vocabulary cards tailored to each child’s interests and context, while guiding parents through conversations with customized prompts. This creates a space where children’s voices can finally be heard—and where parents and children can connect on a deeper level.
Traditional augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) tools have relied heavily on fixed card systems that often fail to capture the subtle emotions and shifting interests of children with autism. AACessTalk breaks new ground by integrating AI technology that adapts in real time to the child’s mood and environment.
< Figure. Schematics of AACessTalk system. It provides personalized vocabulary cards for children with autism and context-based conversation guides for parents to focus on practical communication. Large ‘Turn Pass Button’ is placed at the child’s side to allow the child to lead the conversation. >
Among its standout features is a large ‘Turn Pass Button’ that gives children control over when to start or end conversations—allowing them to lead with agency. Another feature, the “What about Mom/Dad?” button, encourages children to ask about their parents’ thoughts, fostering mutual engagement in dialogue, something many children had never done before.
One parent shared, “For the first time, we shared a meaningful exchange.” Such stories were common among the 11 families who participated in a two-week pilot study, where children used the app to take more initiative in conversations and parents discovered new layers of their children’s language abilities.
Parents also reported moments of surprise and joy when their children used unexpected words or took the lead in conversations, breaking free from repetitive patterns. “I was amazed when my child used a word I hadn’t heard before. It helped me understand them in a whole new way,” recalled one caregiver.
Professor Hwajung Hong, who led the research at KAIST’s Department of Industrial Design, emphasized the importance of empowering children to express their own voices. “This study shows that AI can be more than a communication aid—it can be a bridge to genuine connection and understanding within families,” she said.
Looking ahead, the team plans to refine and expand human-centered AI technologies that honor neurodiversity, with a focus on bringing practical solutions to socially vulnerable groups and enriching user experiences.
This research is the result of KAIST Department of Industrial Design doctoral student Dasom Choi's internship at NAVER AI Lab.* Thesis Title: AACessTalk: Fostering Communication between Minimally Verbal Autistic Children and Parents with Contextual Guidance and Card Recommendation* DOI: 10.1145/3706598.3713792* Main Author Information: Dasom Choi (KAIST, NAVER AI Lab, First Author), SoHyun Park (NAVER AI Lab) , Kyungah Lee (Dodakim Child Development Center), Hwajung Hong (KAIST), and Young-Ho Kim (NAVER AI Lab, Corresponding Author)
This research was supported by the NAVER AI Lab internship program and grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea: the Doctoral Student Research Encouragement Grant (NRF-2024S1A5B5A19043580) and the Mid-Career Researcher Support Program for the Development of a Generative AI-Based Augmentative and Alternative Communication System for Autism Spectrum Disorder (RS-2024-00458557).
2025.05.19 View 1423 -
2025 National Strategic Technology Innovation Forum Held - Seeking ROK-U.S. Cooperation
The Future Institute for National Strategic Technology and Policy (FINST&P) at KAIST will host the 'National Strategic Technology* Innovation Forum for 1st half of 2025' on Thursday, May 22, at the Chung Kunmo Conference Hall in the Academic and Culture Building (E9) at the KAIST Main Campus in Daejeon.
* National Strategic Technologies: Technologies recognized for their strategic importance in terms of diplomacy and security, with significant impact on the national economy and related industries, and serving as the foundation for future innovation, including the creation of new technologies and industries. Currently, 12 major technologies such as AI, advanced bio, quantum, and semiconductors, and 50 detailed key technologies are being selected and supported (「Special Act on Fostering National Strategic Technologies」).
This forum will examine the policy direction for fostering national strategic technologies in South Korea amidst rapidly changing international dynamics, such as escalating conflict between the United States and China and increasing global security uncertainties. Furthermore, it will discuss ways to strengthen technology innovation between South Korea and the United States to secure scientific and technological sovereignty and future growth engines.
The forum will feature: △An opening address by KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee △Congratulatory remarks by Minister Sang-im Yoo of the Ministry of Science and ICT △A keynote speech by Robert D. Atkinson, President of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) of the U.S. Subsequently, △Part 1, ‘ROK-U.S. Science and Technology Cooperation,’ will share the latest global trends in national strategic technologies and discuss ROK-U.S. science and technology cooperation under the U.S.-China technology hegemony structure.
Following this, △Part 2, ‘ROK-U.S. Cooperation in Key Detailed Technology Fields,’ will analyze R&D trends and current issues focusing on major national strategic technologies, and derive action-oriented policy tasks that South Korea can pursue based on ROK-U.S. cooperation.
< National Strategic Technology Innovation Forum Poster >
Each session of Part 1 and Part 2 will consist of presentations by domestic and international experts, followed by a comprehensive discussion and Q&A with the audience, promising more in-depth discussions.
Robert D. Atkinson, President of the U.S. Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF), in his keynote speech ‘The Trump 2.0 Era: South Korea's New Growth Strategy,’ suggests that South Korea should shift from its existing export-oriented growth to a new growth strategy based on broad technological innovation, and promote technological innovation by improving "shadow regulations" imposed by social practices.
The first presenter in Part 1, Stephen Ezell, Vice President for Global Innovation Policy at ITIF, emphasizes in ‘U.S.-China Conflict: South Korea's Response and Global Implications’ that South Korea must overcome the crisis by improving overall national productivity and fostering a competitive service industry.
Following this, Kyungjin Song, Country Representative of The Asia Foundation Korea Office, suggests in ‘Strengthening ROK-U.S. Strategic Technology Partnership Cooperation’ that as global technological hegemony competition changes the diplomatic and security landscape, ROK-U.S. cooperation should advance towards an institutional and sustainable cooperation foundation through a multi-layered partnership structure involving both countries' parliaments, industries, academia, and civil society.
Jaemin Jung, Dean of the College of Humanities and Social Sciences at KAIST, in ‘The Value of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Arts in the Age of Artificial Intelligence,’ explains the role and importance of the KAIST College of Humanities and Social Sciences in connecting technological innovation with human-centered values, as responsible technological development of artificial intelligence (AI) is difficult without insights into humans, society, and culture, presenting examples through AI joint research projects conducted with MIT.
As the first presenter in Part 2, Yong-hee Kim, Director of the Future Institute for National Strategic Technology and Policy (FINST&P) at KAIST, in ‘ROK-U.S. Cooperation for Truly Sustainable Next-Generation Nuclear Power,’ states that many countries or companies are pursuing nuclear power for carbon neutrality and energy security. He suggests that to achieve sustainable nuclear power, three major issues—safety, spent fuel, and uranium resources—need to be resolved, and the molten salt fast reactor (MSFR), an advanced reactor, can be an effective solution.*Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR): A type of Generation IV nuclear reactor that uses molten salt as nuclear fuel and coolant in a fast neutron reactor.
Byung Hee Hong, Professor at Seoul National University's Department of Chemistry, predicts in ‘Innovation in Strategic Industries Led by Graphene Mass Production Technology’ that graphene is a ‘dream new material’ that will overcome the limitations of existing technologies. If South Korea succeeds in mass-producing graphene, it will bring tremendous innovation across key industries such as AI semiconductors and sensors, quantum computing, and biomedical.
Finally, Hoi-Jun Yoo, Distinguished Professor at the KAIST Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence Semiconductor, in ‘The Present and Future of AI Semiconductors,’ explains that with the full-scale utilization of large-scale AI like ChatGPT, semiconductor design is tending to reorganize from a computation-centric to a memory-centric approach. He then presents the direction and feasibility of mid-to-long-term strategies for the competitive development of Korean AI semiconductors.
KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee stated the purpose of the event, saying, "As national strategic technology is a core agenda directly linked to our nation's future growth, KAIST will continue to provide a platform for science and technology and policy to communicate, together with domestic and international industry-academia-research institutions."
This event is co-hosted with the U.S. think tank Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF), which has played a leading role in science and technology innovation policy, with the sponsorship of the Ministry of Science and ICT.
2025.05.16 View 302