AI
-
KAIST to support the Genetic Donguibogam Research Project for global market entry of a new natural drug produced by Green Cross Corporation HS
In the wake of the spread of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), sales of immune-enhancing products in Korea such as red and white ginseng have risen dramatically. Ginseng is one of Korea’s major health supplement it exports, but due to the lack of precise scientific knowledge of its mechanism, sales of ginseng account for less than 2% of the global market share.
The Genetic Donguibogam Research Project represents a group of research initiatives to study genes and environmental factors that contribute to diseases and to discover alternative treatments through Eastern medicine. The project is being led by KAIST’s Department of Bio & Brain Engineering Professor Do-Heon Lee.
Professor Lee and Chief Executive Officer Young-Hyo Yoo of Green Cross Corporation HS, a Korean pharmaceutical company, signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU), as well as a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) to develop a naturally derived drug with an enhanced ginsenoside, pharmacological compounds of ginseng, for the global market entry of BST204 on June 10, 2015.
Donguibogam is the traditional Korean source for the principles and practice of Eastern medicine, which was compiled by the royal physician Heo Jun and first published in 1613 during the Joseon Dynasty of Korea.
Cooperating with Green Cross Co., HS, KAIST researchers will use a multi-component, multi-target (MCMT)-based development platform to produce the new natural drug, BST204. This cooperation is expected to assist the entry of the drug into the European market.
Green Cross Co., HS has applied a bio-conversion technique to ginseng to develop BST204, which is a drug with enhanced active constituent of aginsenosides. The drug is the first produced by any Korean pharmaceutical company to complete the first phase of clinical trials in Germany and is about to start the second phase of trials.
Professor Do-Heon Lee, the Director of the project said, “Genetic Donguibogam Research Project seeks to create new innovative healthcare material for the future using integrated fundamental technologies such as virtual human body computer modelling and multi-omics to explain the mechanism in which natural ingredients affect the human body.” He continued, “Especially, by employing the virtual human body computer modelling, we can develop an innovative new technology that will greatly assist Korean pharmaceutical industry and make it the platform technology in entering global markets.”
Young-Hyo Yoo, the CEO of Green Cross Co., HS, said, “For a new naturally derived drug to be acknowledged in the global market, such as Europe and the US, its mechanism, as well as its effectiveness and safety, should be proven. However, it is difficult and costly to explain the mechanism in which the complex composition of a natural substance influences the body. Innovative technology is needed to solve this problem.”
Professor Do-Heon Lee (left in the picture), the Director of Genetic Donguibogam Research Project, stands abreast Young-Hyo Yoo (right in the picture), the CEO of Green Cross Co., HS.
2015.06.10 View 7739 -
KAIST International Food Festival
The KAIST International Students Association (KISA) hosted the 2015 International Food Festival in front of Creative Learning Building, KAIST, on May 22, 2015.
This was the 11th International Food Festival for KAIST where international students introduced food from their home countries to strengthen cultural exchanges with Korean students. This year’s festival was the biggest international festival in Daejeon in which around 500 students and staff from KAIST, Chungnam National University (CNU), the University of Science & Technology (UST), and the public participated.
KAIST’s President Steve Kang opened the festival with a welcoming speech, followed by congratulatory speeches by CNU President Sang-Chul Jung and UST President Un-Woo Lee.
The first section of the event was the food festival where around 40 kinds of food from ten countries including Kenya, Kazakhstan, India, and Turkey were presented. Students from each country offered cooking demonstrations in booths, and participants purchased the food.
Cheryl Wanderi, a Kenyan student who recently received a Master’s degree from KAIST’s Department of Bio and Brain Engineering last February said, “I am delighted to introduce Mandazi, a Kenyan donut, to not only Korean students but also other international students.”
The second half of the event consisted of cultural performances from different countries. There were eight teams performing including an Indonesian traditional Saman dance team, a Kazakh group that performed on traditional instruments, and an Azerbaijani K-POP dance team.
Sung-Hyon Myaeng, the Associate Vice President of KAIST’s International Office, said, “Despite their busy lives, students from three different universities planned this event to get to know each other. I hope international students and Korean students can come together and enjoy the festival.”
Edrick Kwek, the President of KISA, said, “This food festival is an event showing the cultural diversity of KAIST in the most splendid way.”
2015.05.27 View 8862 -
Anti-Cancer Therapy Delivering Drug to an Entire Tumor Developed
KAIST’s Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Professor Ji-Ho Park and his team successfully developed a new highly efficacious anti-cancer nanotechnology by delivering anti-cancer drugs uniformly to an entire tumor. Their research results were published in Nano Letters online on March 31, 2015.
To treat inoperable tumors, anti-cancer medicine is commonly used. However, efficient drug delivery to tumor cells is often difficult, treating an entire tumor with drugs even more so.
Using the existing drug delivery systems, including nanotechnology, a drug can be delivered only to tumor cells near blood vessels, leaving cells at the heart of a tumor intact. Since most drugs are injected into the bloodstream, tumor recurrence post medication is frequent.
Therefore, the team used liposomes that can fuse to the cell membrane and enter the cell. Once inside liposomes the drug can travel into the bloodstream, enter tumor cells near blood vessels, where they are loaded to exosomes, which are naturally occurring nanoparticles in the body. Since exosomes can travel between cells, the drug can be delivered efficiently into inner cells of the tumor.
Exosomes, which are secreted by cells that exist in the tumor microenvironment, is known to have an important role in tumor progression and metastasis since they transfer biological materials between cells. The research team started the investigation recognizing the possibility of delivering the anti-cancer drug to the entire tumor using exosomes.
The team injected the light-sensitive anti-cancer drug using their new delivery technique into experimental mice. The researchers applied light to the tumor site to activate the anti-cancer treatment and analyzed a tissue sample. They observed the effects of the anti-cancer drug in the entire tumor tissue.
The team’s results establish a ground-breaking foothold in drug delivery technology development that can be tailored to specific diseases by understanding its microenvironment. The work paves the way to more effective drug delivery systems for many chronic diseases, including cancer tumors that were difficult to treat due to the inability to penetrate deep into the tissue.
The team is currently conducting experiments with other anti-cancer drugs, which are being developed by pharmaceutical companies, using their tumor-penetrating drug delivery nanotechnology, to identify its effects on malignant tumors.
Professor Park said, “This research is the first to apply biological nanoparticles, exosomes that are continuously secreted and can transfer materials to neighboring cells, to deliver drugs directly to the heart of tumor.”
Picture: Incorporation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds into membrane vesicles by engineering the parental cells via synthetic liposomes.
2015.04.07 View 11093 -
KAIST Clinic's Dr. Joo-yeon Kim Receives Minister's Award
Dr. Joo-yeon Kim receives citation on “The Fifth Tuberculosis Prevention Day” for her contribution to campus tuberculosis outbreak prevention.
Dr. Joo-Yeon Kim, the general manager of medical services of KAIST Clinic, received an award from the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare on March 24, 2015. The award ceremony took place during “The Fifth Tuberculosis Prevention Day,” hosted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and supervised by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The event was held at Seoul Sejong Cultural Center with 300 distinguished guests in attendance including the Minister of Health and Welfare, the Committee Members of the National Assembly Health and Welfare Committee, and the Director of Korea Centers for Disease Control Prevention.
The award acknowledges Dr. Kim’s contribution to curbing a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak on KAIST’s campus in 2013. In cooperation with the Infectious Disease Prevention Committee in KAIST, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Yuseong Public Health Centre, Dr. Kim’s swift treatment and rigorous control of both TB and latent TB patients prevented further outbreaks.
The KAIST Clinic is the first university-affiliated clinic established in September 2010 after Neil Pappalardo, the President of MEDITEC in the US, donated $2.5 million to KAIST. It is currently running 10 medical departments including those in family medicine, stress clinic, and dentistry to provide medical care to students and staff.
Every March 24 marks the annual “Tuberculosis Prevention Day” and “World Tuberculosis Day.” The “World Tuberculosis Day” was established in 1982 to promote TB prevention and early detection. It commemorated the 100th year anniversary of the discovery of M. tuberculosis on March 24, 1883 by the German bacteriologist Robert Koch.
According to the TB Prevention Act (Article 4), Korea marks “The Tuberculosis Prevention Day” alongside the “World Tuberculosis Day” on March 24 to raise public awareness of the magnitude of the disease and the importance of prevention.
2015.03.25 View 7985 -
KAIST Develops a Credit-Card-Thick Flexible Lithium Ion Battery
Since the battery can be charged wirelessly, useful applications are expected including medical patches and smart cards.
Professor Jang Wook Choi at KAIST’s Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water, and Sustainability (EEWS) and Dr. Jae Yong Song at the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science jointly led research to invent a flexible lithium ion battery that is thinner than a credit card and can be charged wirelessly.
Their research findings were published online in Nano Letters on March 6, 2015. Lithium ion batteries are widely used today in various electronics including mobile devices and electronic cars. Researchers said that their work could help accelerate the development of flexible and wearable electronics.
Conventional lithium ion batteries are manufactured based on a layering technology, stacking up anodes, separating films, and cathodes like a sandwich, which makes it difficult to reduce their thickness. In addition, friction arises between layers, making the batteries impossible to bend. The coating films of electrodes easily come off, which contributes to the batteries’ poor performance.
The research team abandoned the existing production technology. Instead, they removed the separating films, layered the cathodes and anodes collinearly on a plane, and created a partition between electrodes to eliminate potential problems, such as short circuits and voltage dips, commonly present in lithium ion batteries.
After more than five thousand consecutive flexing experiments, the research team confirmed the possibility of a more flexible electrode structure while maintaining the battery performance comparable to the level of current lithium ion batteries.
Flexible batteries can be applied to integrated smart cards, cosmetic and medical patches, and skin adhesive sensors that can control a computer with voice commands or gesture as seen in the movie “Iron Man.”
Moreover, the team has successfully developed wireless-charging technology using electromagnetic induction and solar batteries.
They are currently developing a mass production process to combine this planar battery technology and printing, to ultimately create a new paradigm to print semiconductors and batteries using 3D printers.
Professor Choi said, “This new technology will contribute to diversifying patch functions as it is applicable to power various adhesive medical patches.”
Picture 1: Medical patch (left) and flexible secondary battery (right)
Picture 2: Diagram of flexible battery
Picture 3: Smart card embedding flexible battery
2015.03.24 View 10714 -
KAIST Alumni Awards Academic Scholarships
The KAIST Alumni Academic Scholarship Foundation awarded scholarships to 25 KAIST students. The award ceremony took place on March 15, 2015, in Seoul.
The Foundation selected 21 Korean students and four foreign students based on their leadership skills and academic achievements. Each Korean student received USD 3,600, and each international student USD 900. The scholarships will be provided to the students for up to three years.
The Foundation allows alumni whose donations surpass a certain threshold amount to name their scholarships. This year, a total of eleven donors used this service.
The Foundation provided scholarships to 25 students in 2004 as well.
2015.03.20 View 6502 -
A Key Signal Transduction Pathway Switch in Cardiomyocyte Identified
A KAIST research team has identified the fundamental principle in deciding the fate of cardiomyocyte or heart muscle cells. They have determined that it depends on the degree of stimulus in β-adrenergic receptor signal transduction pathway in the cardiomyocyte to control cells' survival or death. The findings, the team hopes, can be used to treat various heart diseases including heart failure.
The research was led by KAIST Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Chair Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho and conducted by Dr. Sung-Young Shin (lead author) and Ph.D. candidates Ho-Sung Lee and Joon-Hyuk Kang. The research was conducted jointly with GIST (Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology) Department of Biological Sciences Professor Do-Han Kim’s team. The research was supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Republic of Korea, and the National Research Foundation of Korea. The paper was published in Nature Communications on December 17, 2014 with the title, “The switching role of β-adrenergic receptor signalling in cell survival or death decision of cardiomyocytes.”
The β-adrenergic receptor signal transduction pathway can promote cell survival (mediated by β2 receptors), but also can result in cell death by inducing toxin (mediated by β1 receptors) that leads to various heart diseases including heart failure. Past attempts to identify the fundamental principle in the fate determining process of cardiomyocyte based on β-adrenergic receptor signalling concluded without much success.
The β-adrenergic receptor is a type of protein on the cell membrane of cardiomyocyte (heart muscle cell) that when stimulated by neurohormones such as epinephrine or norepinephrine would transduce signals making the cardiomyocyte contract faster and stronger.
The research team used large-scale computer simulation analysis and systems biology to identify ERK* and ICER** signal transduction pathways mediated by a feed-forward circuit as a key molecular switch that decides between cell survival and death.
Weak β-adrenergic receptor stimulations activate ERK signal transduction pathway, increasing Bcl-2*** protein expression to promote cardiomyocyte survival. On the other hand, strong β-adrenergic receptor stimulations activate ICER signal transduction pathway, reducing Bcl-2 protein expression to promote cardiomyocyte death.
Researchers used a systems biology approach to identify the mechanism of B-blocker****, a common drug prescribed for heart failure. When cardiomyocyte is treated with β1 inhibitor, strong stimulation on β-adrenergic receptor increases Bcl-2 expression, improving the chance of cardiomyocyte survival, a cell protection effect.
Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho said, “This research used systems biology, an integrated, convergence research of IT (information technology) and BT (biotechnology), to successfully identify the mechanism in deciding the fate of cardiomyocytes based on the β-adrenergic receptor signal transduction pathway for the first time. I am hopeful that this research will enable the control of cardiomyocyte survival and death to treat various heart diseases including heart failure.”
Professor Cho’s team was the first to pioneer a new field of systems biology, especially concerning the complex signal transduction network involved in diseases. Their research is focused on modelling, analyzing simulations, and experimentally proving signal pathways. Professor Cho has published 140 articles in international journals including Cell, Science, and Nature.
* ERK (Extracellular signal-regulated kinases): Signal transduction molecule involved in cell survival
** ICER (Inducible cAMP early repressor): Signal transduction molecule involved in cell death
*** Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2): Key signal transduction molecule involved in promotion of cell survival
**** β-blocker: Drug that acts as β-adrenergic receptor inhibitor known to slow the progression of heart failure, hence used most commonly in medicine.
Picture: A schematic diagram for the β-AR signalling network
2015.01.05 View 12275 -
Parents of Alumni Donates to KAIST
Parents of KAIST alumni donated a scholarship of USD 4,800 to the university. A donation ceremony took place at the president’s office on October 21, 2014.
Two sons and the daughter-in-law of Ki-Hong Oh (husband) and Soon-Yi Kim (wife) studied at KAIST. Hwan-Hee Oh and Hwan-Yup Oh graduated with Master’s degrees in Mechanical Engineering in 2005 and 2009, respectively. Jung-Im Min received a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering in 2005.
Oh and Kim, who are orange growers in Jeju Island, Korea, said, “We have always appreciated the generous support our children received from KAIST and thought for many years about ways to make a contribution to the development of the university. Although this is a small amount, we are pleased to express our appreciation to KAIST.”
The couple hope that their donation will inspire others in Korea to follow suit and added, “Just like many of the great universities in the west which are supported through donations made by their alumni and people from all walks of life, we would like to see Korean universities also benefit from such a culture and practice.”
President Steve Kang expressed his gratitude to the couple and said, “KAIST will cherish your philanthropic good deeds, and the scholarship will be used to support students as you wish.”
2014.10.22 View 7855 -
The Alumni Association of KAIST hosts the first KAIST Technology Exchange Meeting
The Alumni Association of KAIST hosted the first KAIST Technology Exchange Meeting on September 12th at the KAIST Institute on campus.
About 14 alumni companies, MDS Technology, Biospace, and Satrec Initiative, two private equity funds including KAIST Entrepreneurship Foundation, and KAIST Technology Commercialization Center participated in this meeting.
This meeting was organized by the Alumni Association of KAIST in order to strengthen cooperation between alumni companies and KAIST members by increasing technology exchange and fostering cooperative culture.
The meeting comprised of two sessions: product exhibition and technology-exchange session.
During the exhibition, participating companies prepared the following: product showcase, intellectual property exchange, project consulting, and employment information.
Companies involved in technology-exchange session not only showcased their brand new technology but also shared their innovative ideas and entrepreneur vision, and discussed joint R&D.
The president of the Alumni Association of KAIST, Man Kee Baek who was in charge of this meeting said, “I hope this meeting stimulates more technology exchange between alumni companies and school members.”
He added that “our alumni association will continue to organize many projects for better KAIST.”
Detailed information about the event can be found on the official webpage of the Alumni Association of KAIST (http://www.ilovekaist.net), and this event was open to the public.
A company specializing in medical devices, Biospace, plans to donate a body composition analyzer and an automatic blood pressure meter worth 14,000,000 won to KAIST.
2014.09.15 View 6558 -
The Fifth YLKamp Held at KAIST
The student leadership organization of KAIST, known as Young Leaders in KAIST (YLK), held its fifth annual camp called the YLKamp inviting high school students in rural areas across Korea from July 11th to 14th.
The YLKamp is a study mentee-mentor camp, where KAIST students teach and deliver their knowledge on “how to study” to high school students from the countryside. The camp helps young students who have passion and talent, but lack the opportunity to experience and learn more.
KAIST encourages students to participate in activities where they can donate their talent and learn leadership skills. About 20 KAIST students planned all the activities, from creating camp programs, selecting participants to requesting sponsorship from outside organizations including the KAIST Alumni.
This year, more than 150 high school students in rural areas applied for the camp, and of them, 60 students were chosen.
The camp activities included lectures, individual mentoring, group projects, career exploration meetings, and invited speaker presentations.
Since its foundation in 2010, the YLKamp has been held every year at KAIST.
2014.08.14 View 6008 -
BizWorld 2014 Takes Place at the KAIST campus: July 28-August 2, 2014
A multinational student conference on science, technology, and business called “BizWorld 2014 (http://kisa.kaist.ac.kr/bizworld/kaist/)” began on July 28, 2014 and continues through August 2, 2014 at the KAIST campus in Daejeon.
Created in 2013 by international students at KAIST, the conference aims to promote entrepreneurship among students within KAIST as well as those from other nations and to exchange knowledge and experiences in translating technological and scientific innovations into business opportunities.
The KAIST International Student Association (KISA) hosts the conference in partnership with five universities in the Asia-Pacific region: Peking University in China, National Taiwan University in Taiwan, the University of Tokyo in Japan, National University of Singapore, and the University of Queensland in Australia.
This year, four distinguished speakers from the Korean government and private sector will give talks on job creation through science and technology advancement, strategic management of technology, and trends in information technology business.
Participating students will also visit laboratories for electric vehicles being developed by KAIST: Armadilo T and the Online Electric Vehicle (OLEV).
The Armadillo T is a small, light, and agile electric car that folds its body for an efficient use of space. OLEV can be an electric car, bus, or even a high-capacity train, which is recharged wirelessly while on-the-go.
The s tudents will have a Q&A meeting with researchers and discuss a possible business model to commercialize these technologies.
2014.07.30 View 8937 -
KAIST Researchers Develops Sensor That Reads Emotional States of Users
A piloerection monitoring sensor attached on the skin
The American Institute of Physics distributed a press release dated June 24, 2014 on a research paper written by a KAIST research team, which was published in its journal entitled Applied Physics Letters (APL). APL features concise, up-to-date reports in significant new findings in applied physics.
According to the release, “KAIST researchers have developed a flexible, wearable 20 mm x 20 mm polymer sensor that can directly measure the degree and occurrence on the skin of goose bumps, which is caused by sudden changes in body temperature or emotional states.”
The lead researcher was Professor Young-Ho Cho from the Department of Bio and Brain Engineering at KAIST.
If you would like to read the press release, please go to the link below:
American Institute of Physics, June 24, 2014
“New technology: The goose bump sensor”
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-06/aiop-ntt062314.php
2014.06.26 View 8223