science
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Public Lectures on the Korean Language and Alphabet
The School of Humanities and Social Sciences at KAIST will offer public lectures on the Korean language and alphabet, Hangul, from March 22, 2016 to April 26, 2016.
The lectures, which are entitled “The Riddle of Hangul,” will take place on campus in Daejeon.
A total of six lectures will be held on such topics as the origin of Korean, the grammar of ancient Korean in the Chosun Dynasty (1392-1897), and subsequent developments in contemporary Korean.
Professor Jung-Hoon Kim, who is responsible for organizing the public lecture program, said, “The audience will have an interesting opportunity to understand the history of Korean and its mechanism, while reviewing the unique spelling system of Hangul. I hope many people will show up for these wonderful classes.”
For further information and registration, please visit: http://hss.kaist.ac.kr. All lectures, available only in Korean, are free and open to the public.
2016.03.15 View 7383 -
KAIST Offers Online Science Magnet High School Program
The Global Institute for Talented Education at KAIST has begun providing middle and high school students with in-depth online science education.
The institute receives applications until March 20, 2016. For details, please refer to the website: http://talented.kaist.ac.kr.
The program will run from March 21, 2016 to June 13, 2016.
Any middle and high school student can take courses on mathematics, science (physics, chemistry and biology), and information system (C language and Python computer language) based on their levels and needs. A total of 23 courses will be offered at the level of the first year of middle school to the second year of high school.
The online lecturers are drawn from science-magnet high schools nationwide. They will lead the classes to become more interactive with students, encouraging discussions and questions and answers.
KAIST students will also take part as tutors, helping the middle and high school students better understand the basic concept of the subjects they undertake and and to think creatively to solve problems.
About 500 top students will be chosen from the online course applicants to participate in a science camp hosted by KAIST during summer and winter vacations.
2016.03.14 View 4686 -
KAIST Commencement 2016
KAIST hosted its 2016 commencement ceremony on February 19, 2016 at the Sports Complex on campus.
KAIST celebrated the event with five thousand participants including graduating students, faculty, guests, Vice Minister Nam-Ki Hong of Science, ICT and Future Planning of Korea, Chairman Jang-Moo Lee of KAIST's Board of Trustees, and President Jeong-Sik Ko of the KAIST Alumni Association.
President Patrick Aebischer of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland, and the former Speaker of the National Assembly of Korea Chang-Hee Kang received honorary doctorates in science and technology for their contributions to the advancement of science and engineering in education and research.
KAIST granted 570 doctoral degrees, 1,329 master’s degrees, and 867 bachelor degrees on this day.
Yoon-Bum Lee of the Chemistry Department graduated with honors; Woo-Young Jin of the Mathematical Sciences Department received the Chairman’s Award of the KAIST Board and Eun-Hee Yoo of the Biological Sciences Department for the KAIST Presidential Award. Min-Hyun Cho and Yoon-Seok Chang were recipients of the President’s Award of the KAIST Alumni Association and the President’s Award of the University Supporting Association, respectively.
President Steve Kang addressed the ceremony and congratulated the graduates, saying,
“Now, your task is to make significant contributions to your communities: be leaders in your fields and remain active members of society. Given your academic knowledge and vision for the future, I encourage you to dream big.”
2016.02.23 View 40811 -
More Donations Arrive to Establish the New Medicine Research and Development Center on Campus
A raft of businesses continues to make donations to establish a new medicine research and development center on campus. The Department of Biological Sciences at KAIST is leading the fundraising campaign.
On November 9, 2015, Nikon Instruments Korea Co., Ltd. contributed USD 8,500 to the fundraising, followed by Carl Zeiss AG and Three-Shine Inc., which donated USD 12,800 and 8,500, respectively.
Bruno Lin, an Executive Director at Carl Zeiss AG in Korea, said, “I’m very glad to participate in this fundraising initiative for the Biological Sciences Department at KAIST, one rapidly reaching out to the world.”
From the left in the picture are Vice President Tae-Hoon Kim, Director Gyu-Hyeok Lee, and Executive Director Bruno Lin of Carl Zeiss AG, Byung-Ha Oh, Dean of the Biological Sciences Department, and Professor Eunjoon Kim.
From the left in the picture are Byung-Ha Oh, Dean of the Biological Sciences Department, President Chun-Gui Park of Three-Shine Inc., and Professor Daesoo Kim.
President Chun of Three-Shine Inc., said, “We hope that the Department of Biological Sciences at KAIST, aided by the construction of new research center, will produce practical research achievements and stand on the frontier of new medicine development research in Korea.”
The New Medicine Research and Development Center will be equipped with state-of-the-art, purpose-built research facilities to support convergent, interdisciplinary research in biomedicine.
2015.11.27 View 6739 -
A KAIST Alumnus Is Appointed the President of Seoul National University of Science and Technology
Jong-Ho Kim, graduated from the master’s program in the mechanical engineering department of KAIST in 1980, has been appointed the 11th president of Seoul National University of Science and Technology (SeoulTech) on November 9, 2015.
Upon receiving his doctoral degree in production engineering from KAIST in 1986, President Kim began his career as a professor at SeoulTech. He served in many senior posts at the university including Dean of Planning and Academic Affairs, and of the Engineering College.
2015.11.15 View 4155 -
Using Light to Treat Alzheimer's Disease
Medical application of photoactive chemicals offers a promising therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases.
A research team jointly led by Professor Chan Beum Park of the Materials Science and Engineering Department at KAIST and Dr. Kwon Yu from the Bionano Center at the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) conducted research to suppress an abnormal assembly of beta-amyloids, a protein commonly found in the brain, by using photo-excited porphyrins.
Beta-amyloid plaques are known to cause Alzheimer's disease. This research finding suggests new ways to treat neurodegenerative illnesses including Alzheimer's disease. It was published online as the lead article in the September 21th issue of Angewandte Chemie. The title of the article is “Photo-excited Porphyrins as a Strong Suppressor of ß-Amyloid Aggregation and Synaptic Toxicity.”
Light-induced treatments using organic photosensitizers have advantages to managing the treatment in time and area. In the case of cancer treatments, doctors use photodynamic therapies where a patient is injected with an organic photosensitizer, and a light is shed on the patient’s lesion. However, such therapies had never been employed to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
Alzheimer's starts when a protein called beta-amyloid is created and deposited in a patient’s brain. The abnormally folded protein created this way harms the brain cells by inducing the degradation of brain functions, for example, dementia. If beta-amyloid creation can be suppressed at an early stage, the formation of amyloid deposits will stop. This could prevent Alzheimer’s disease or halt its progress.
The research team effectively prevented the buildup of beta-amyloids by using blue LED lights and a porphyrin inducer, which is a biocompatible organic compound. By absorbing light energy, a photosensitizer such as porphyrin reaches the excitation state. Active oxygen is created as the porphyrin returns to its ground state. The active oxygen oxidizes a beta-amyloid monomer, and by combining with it, disturbs its assembly.
The technique was tested on drosophilae or fruit flies, which were produced to model Alzheimer on invertebrates. The research showed that symptoms of Alzheimer's disease in the fruit flies such as damage on synapse and muscle, neuronal apoptosis, degradation in motility, and decreased longevity were alleviated. Treatments with light provide additional benefits: less medication is needed than other drug treatments, and there are fewer side effects. When developed, photodynamic therapy will be used widely for this reason.
Professor Park said, “This work has significance as it was the first case to use light and photosensitizers to stop deposits of beta-amyloids. We plan to carry the research further by testing compatibility with other organic and inorganic photosensitizers and by changing the subject of photodynamic therapy to vertebrate such as mice.”
Picture 1 – Deposits of Beta-Amyloid in Fruit Flies Stopped by Using Porphyrin and Blue LED Lights
Picture 2 – The Research Finding Published as the Lead Article in Angewandte Chemie (September 2015)
2015.11.11 View 10513 -
Public Lectures by KAIST's Humanities and Social Sciences Research Center
The Humanities and Social Sciences Research Center at KAIST offers public lectures at the International Seminar Hall of the Humanities and Social Sciences building on campus from November 12, 2015 to December 10, 2015. There will be four lectures, all of which will be available in Korean only.
The theme of the lectures is “social issues and strategic solutions.” Experts in various fields including women’s studies, criminal psychology, Go (a Chinese board game) and its philosophy, and Korean studies will participate, offering multifaceted analysis and solutions for social issues in Korea.
Joo-Hee Kim, a researcher at the Korean Women’s Institute of Ewha Women’s University, will lecture on “Problems of Loan Products Exclusively for Women” and discuss the background of "micro-loans" which are often targeted at women, while evaluating the logic of financial corporations behind marketing such products.
Lectures by Professor Ji-Sun Park from the Department of Social Psychology at Ewha Women’s University on “Understanding of Criminal Psychology from Letters,” Professor Soo-Hyun Jeong from the Department of Go at Myeongji University on “Life Lessons and Strategies from Playing Go,” and Professor Seung-Taek Ahn from Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies of Seoul National University on “Community Problems in Folk Culture” will follow.
The organizer of the lectures, Professor Jung-Hoon Kim of the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences at KAIST said,
“These lectures will provide local citizens and the KAIST family a wonderful opportunity to understand important social issues from the perspective of social science. It will also serve as a valuable time to think about how our social conflicts could differ from those of other countries, helping us to find solutions.”
To register for these free lectures, go to http://hss.kaist.ac.kr by November 9, 2015.
2015.11.06 View 6189 -
KAIST's Moon Soul Graduate School of Future Strategy Names Recipients of Science Journalism Awards
The Science Journalism Masters Program of the Moon Soul Graduate School of Future Strategy at KAIST named the winners of the 2015 Science Journalism Awards on October 17, 2015. The award ceremony took place at KAIST’s Seoul campus.
The awards were created in 2011 to recognize exemplary journalism that has contributed to the advancement of science and technology in Korea.
This year, the Korean Broadcasting System’s science show called the “Jang Yeong-Sil Show” received the Grand Prize. Yeong-Sil Jang was a Korean scientist and astronomer during the Joseon Dynasty in the 14th century.
A television documentary on challenges facing farm-raised chickens, which was produced by the Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation in Jeonju City, won the TV Award, while news coverage by Dong-A Daily on the outbreak of the Middle East respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in Korea received the Print Award.
After the award ceremony, students and professors of the Science Journalism Program hosted a conference to review and discuss major issues covered by the news media in the past year.
2015.10.15 View 6044 -
KAIST Teams Up with Korean Universities for MOOCs
KAIST, Seoul National University (SNU), and the Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) agreed to cooperate in the development of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) for Korean viewers. The agreement ceremony took place at the SNU campus on October 14, 2015.
Under the agreement, professors from all three universities will jointly create and implement online courses on science and engineering by the summer of 2016. The MOOCs will largely consist of basic courses on physics, chemistry, life science, mechanical engineering, and material science. Anyone from a high school student to an adult who is interested in science can take these online courses.
Some of the participating professors will be President Doh-Yeon Kim of POSTECH, Dean Seong-Keun Kim of Natural Sciences College at SNU, Dean Kun-Woo Lee of Engineering College at SNU, Dean Jung-Hoe Kim of Life Science and Bioengineering College at KAIST, Dean Do-Kyung Kim of Academic Affairs at KAIST, Dean Kun-Hong Lee of Engineering College at POSTECH, and Dean Joon-Won Park of Science College at POSTECH.
President Steve Kang of KAIST said,
“Many of Korea’s most distinguished professors in science and engineering will participate in the MOOCs. People, particularly young students aspiring to study science and technology at universities, should definitely take advantage of this opportunity.”
In the picture from left to right is President Steve Kang of KAIST, President Nak-In Sung of Seoul National University, and President Doh-Yeon Kim of Pohang University of Science and Technology.
2015.10.14 View 6789 -
POSTECH-KAIST Science War
The 14th POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology) and KAIST Science War took place at the KAIST campus in Daejeon on September 18-19, 2015.
Students from both universities participated in the two-day sports and science event.
The Science War has been held every September since 2002 to encourage interaction among students of the two schools. Following the rule that puts the hosting school second in the title, this year it is called the “POSTECH-KAIST War.”
The competition consists of seven events: hacking, a science quiz bowl and AI (artificial intelligence) for the science section, LOL (League of Legends) for the e-Sports section, and lastly, baseball, basketball and football for the sports section.
Of the seven events, the school that wins four or more events is declared the winner. Thus far, KAIST has had seven wins and five losses.
In addition, the cheering squads and clubs of both schools participated. They were KAIST’s ELKA, Twilight, Infinite, and MindFreak, as well as POSTECH’s Cheero, Bremen, Stiller, and P-Funk perform.
2015.09.30 View 4543 -
Brain Cognitive Engineering Experts from Korea and Abroad Gather at KAIST
The symposium presents recent and future research trends in brain and cognitive engineering.
KAIST hosted the Brain Cognitive Engineering Symposium on September 24, 2015, at the Dream Hall of the Chung Moon Soul building on campus. Around 100 experts in the field of neuroscience participated.
Organized by the Department of Bio and Brain Engineering at KAIST, the symposium celebrated the establishment of the Brain Cognitive Engineering Program at the university and examined the recent research trends in neuroscience.
Six neuroscience experts presented their research and held discussions.
Professor Paul M. Thompson of the University of Southern California (USC), a renowned scientist in neurology imaging genetics, gave a speech entitled “The ENIGMA Project: Mapping Disease and Genetic Effects on the Human Brain in 30,000 People Worldwide.”
Professor Jae-seung Jeong of KAIST’s Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Director Sung-Gi Kim of IBS Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Professor Sung-Hwan Lee of Korea University’s Department of Brain Engineering, Professor Cheil-Moon of DGIST’s Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, and Professor Jun-Tani of KAIST’s Department of Electrical Engineering also participated in the symposium.
Participants discussed the most recent findings in the field of brain science such as the education and research trends of brain cognitive engineering, trends of the world’s brain integrated science, the prospects of brain cognitive engineering program, brain activities that induce blood flow and fMRI, activity production in the brain cortex model as well as the development of functional hierarchy for the motor visual perception, and the neurorobotics research.
Professor Jeong said that “this symposium is a place for examination of the most recent research findings in the field of neuroscience as well as for discussion of its education,”and that “it would be an important opportunity for learning research on brain’s basic mechanisms as well as its applications.”
2015.09.25 View 7661 -
KAIST's Mathematician Reveals the Mechanism for Sustaining Biological Rhythms
Our bodies have a variety of biological clocks that follow rhythms or oscillations with periods ranging from seconds to days. For example, our hearts beat every second, and cells divide periodically. The circadian clock located in the hypothalamus generates twenty-four hour rhythms, timing our sleep and hormone release. How do these biological clocks or circuits generate and sustain the stable rhythms that are essential to life?
Jae Kyoung Kim, who is an assistant professor in the Department of Mathematical Sciences at KAIST, has predicted how these biological circuits generate rhythms and control their robustness, utilizing mathematical modeling based on differential equations and stochastic parameter sampling. Based on his prediction, using synthetic biology, a research team headed by Matthew Bennett of Rice University constructed a novel biological circuit that spans two genetically engineered strains of bacteria, one serves as an activator and the other as a repressor to regulate gene expression across multiple cell types, and found that the circuit generates surprisingly robust rhythms under various conditions.
The results of the research conducted in collaboration with KAIST (Korea Institute of Science and Technology), Rice University, and the University of Houston were published in Science (August 28, 2015 issue). The title of the paper is "Emergent Genetic Oscillations in a Synthetic Microbial Consortium" .
The top-down research approach, which focuses on identifying the components of biological circuits, limits our understanding of the mechanisms in which the circuits generate rhythms. Synthetic biology, a rapidly growing field at the interface of biosciences and engineering, however, uses a bottom-up approach.
Synthetic biologists can create complex circuits out of simpler components, and some of these new genetic circuits are capable of fluctuation to regulate gene production. In the same way that electrical engineers understand how an electrical circuit works as they construct batteries, resistors, and wires, synthetic biologists can understand better about biological circuits if they put them together using genes and proteins. However, due to the complexity of biological systems, both experiments and mathematical modeling need to be applied hand in hand to design these biological circuits and understand their function.
In this research, an interdisciplinary approach proved that a synthetic intercellular singling circuit generates robust rhythms to create a cooperative microbial system. Specifically, Kim's mathematical analysis suggested, and experiments confirmed, that the presence of negative feedback loops in addition to a core transcriptional negative feedback loop can explain the robustness of rhythms in this system. This result provides important clues about the fundamental mechanism of robust rhythm generation in biological systems.
Furthermore, rather than constructing the entire circuit inside a single bacterial strain, the circuit was split among two strains of Escherichia coli bacterium. When the strains were grown together, the bacteria exchanged information, completing the circuit. Thus, this research also shows how, by regulating individual cells within the system, complex biological systems can be controlled, which in turn influences each other (e.g., the gut microbiome in humans).
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Ye Chen, a graduate student in Bennett's laboratory at Rice University, and Jae Kyoung Kim, an assistant professor at KAIST and a former postdoctoral fellow at Ohio State University, are the lead authors of the paper. The co-authors are Rice graduate student Andrew Hirning and Krešimir Josic?, a professor of mathematics at the University of Houston. Bennett is the Assistant Professor of the Biochemistry and Cell Biology Department at Rice University.
About the researcher: While Jae Kyoung Kim is a mathematician, he has also solved various biological puzzles in collaboration with various experimental laboratories of Matthew Bennett at Rice University, David Virshup at Duke and the National University of Singapore, Carla Finkielstein at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Choo-Gon Lee at the Florida State University, Seung-Hee Yoo at the Medical School of the University of Texas, Toru Takumi at RIKEN Brain Science Institute, and Travis Wager at Pfizer Inc. He has used non-linear dynamics and stochastic analysis to understand the function of biochemical networks in biological systems. In particular, he is interested in mechanisms generating and regulating biological rhythms.
Picture 1: This schematic image is the design of a biological circuit between two strains of bacteria and the part of differential equations used to understand the function of the biological circuit.
Picture 2: The core transcriptional negative feedback loop and additional negative feedback loop in the biological circuit (picture 1) generate robust rhythms. The snapshots correspond the red dots in the time series graph.
2015.08.31 View 8186