CT
-
KAIST's Center for Integrated Smart Sensors made a partnership with a Silicon Valley start-up
KAIST's Center for Integrated Smart Sensors (CISS) will implement a joint venture project with Dual Aperture, Inc., a leading digital camera provider based in Palo Alto, California. The two will work on the development of 3-D imaging technology.
CISS, headed by Professor Chong-Min Kyung of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, is dedicated to technological advancement by developing innovative devices, circuits, and smart sensors.
In its press release dated June 18, 2014, Dual Aperture, Inc. stated that “by combining top talents in engineering, the partnership will establish a groundbreaking smart sensor technology accessible on multiple platforms and devices.”
For details, a Fox news article follows below:
Dual Aperture, Inc., June 18, 2014
“Image technology leader and top research institute collaborate engineering resources to create world’s first-ever smart sensor technology”
http://www.fox14tv.com/story/25808022/dual-aperture-announces-joint-venture-with-kaists-center-for-integrated-smart-sensors
2014.06.19 View 9708 -
KAIST studnets win 2014 Creative Vitamin Project Competition
A team of KAIST students have won the grand prize for the “2014 Creative Vitamin Project Competition” held on May 28, 2014 in Seoul. The event was co-hosted by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, National Information Society Agency, and Korea IT Convergence Technology Association. The Creative Vitamin Project is the Korean government’s initiative to grow the Korean economy and generate job creation by applying science and technology, information and communications technology in particular, to the existing industry and social issues.
The winners were Hyeong-Min Son, a student in the master’s program in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST and Su-Yeon Yoo, a Ph.D. student from the Graduate School of Information Security, KAIST.
Son and Yoo proposed a sustainable crop protection system using directional speakers. This technique not only efficiently protects crops from harmful animals, but also effectively guides the animals outside the farmland.
Kwang-Soo Jang, the Director of the National Information Society Agency, said, “This competition provides an opportunity to develop public consensus and interest in the Creative Vitamin Project. We hope that through the participation of all citizens, the project can become an instrument to realizing the creative economy.”
2014.06.18 View 11430 -
Professor Ki Jun Jeong Selected As the Winner of the 'Young Asian Biotechnologist Prize'
Professor Ki Jun Jeong from the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, has been selected as the winner of this year’s Young Asian Biotechnologist Prize.
Professor Jeong was invited to the 66th Japan Biotechnology and Bioengineering Society Conference scheduled in September 9th-11th, 2014, in Sapporo, Japan, where his award ceremony will be held.
The award is presented to Professor Jeong in recognition of his outstanding research on microbial-based production of antibodies and efficiency improvement.
The Young Asian Biotechnologist Prize is awarded annually by the Japan Biotechnology and Bioengineering Society to the researchers in Asia under the age of 45, who have achieved excellent research results in the field of bioengineering.
2014.06.14 View 10052 -
MOU between KAIST and Sun Medical Center on "Mobile Health Care"
KAIST and Sun Medical Center signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) in front of 20 attendees including KAIST President Steve Kang and Sun Medical Center Director Seung-Hoon Sun on June 9 at KAIST to expand medical services through medical and electronic telecommunication technology.
The two organizations will cooperate on the research and development of mobile healthcare, systems for the medical industry, remote medical treatment for overseas patients, and working toward improving national healthcare. The two parties will also develop wearable devices and mobile sensors which will become a welcome addition to the global healthcare market.
KAIST President Steve Kang explained, “With Sun Medical Center’s 50 years of experience in medical technology and KAIST’s World University Ranking of 20th in information technology, a new brainchild in the mobile healthcare field will be produced.”
In the meantime, KAIST’s College of Information Science and Technology is making developments in mobile healthcare systems which can accumulate medical information and apply it to medical services by using personal bio-information data. Ambitious new projects are underway, such as the “Dr. M Project“ which launched in March with 28 full-time researchers.
2014.06.14 View 7916 -
A mechanism for how reactive oxygen species cause cell responses studied
A research team led by Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho of the Department of Biology and Brain Engineering, KAIST, and Dr. Gi-Sun Kwon of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology succeeded in proving the mechanism behind the determination of cell life in relation to reactive oxygen species.
The results of the venture were published in the June 3rd edition of Science Signaling. The title of the research paper is “MLK3 is part of a feedback mechanism that regulates different cellular responses to reactive oxygen species.”
The research team discovered that the molecular switch that determines the division of apoptosis of a cell was based on MLK3 feedback mechanism. MLK stands for mixed-lineage kinase.
Under sufficient stress, the mechanism instructs the cell to undergo the division but in an overly stressful environment, the mechanism stops the cell division and instead, induces apoptosis. This discovery is expected to be a breakthrough in illnesses related to the concentration of the reactive oxygen species (ROS).
At low concentration of ROS, the protein associated with cell division, ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase), is activated while as the ROS concentration increases, JNK (c-Jun N-terminal protein kinases), responsible for apoptosis, becomes activated. Furthermore, through computer simulation analysis and mathematical modeling, in tandem with molecular cell biology experiments, the MLK3 based feedback mechanism was the fundamental molecular switch that determines the balance between ERK and JNK, and ultimately the cell’s responses.
Professor Cho commented that “the contradicting cell responses to ROS had remained a mystery, but with the system biology, an approach in which information technology and biotechnology converge, such riddles can be resolved. We expect that the proven mechanism will be used to overcome aging or cancer growth as a result of ROS in the near future.”
Picture shows the process of identifying cell responses caused by reactive oxygen species.
2014.06.13 View 9888 -
An Exploratory Study on Smartphone Abuse among College Students
Professor Uichin Lee
Professor Uichin Lee of the Department of Knowledge Service Engineering, KAIST, and his research team developed a system that automatically diagnoses the levels of smartphone addiction based on an analysis of smartphone use records.
Professor Lee investigated the usage patterns of 95 smartphone users (college students) by conducting surveys and interviews and collecting logged data. The research team divided participants into “risk” and “non-risk” groups based on a self-reported rating scale to evaluate their abuse of smartphones. As a result, 36 students were categorized as “high risk” and 59 were categorized as “low risk.”
The researchers collected over 50,000 hours of smartphone use encompassing power levels, screen, battery status, application use, internet use, calling, and texting.
The results showed that the “high risk” group used only 1~2 applications, focusing on mobile messengers (Kakotalk, etc.) and SNS (Facebook, etc.).
In addition, a relationship was found between alarm function and addiction levels. Users who set alarms for Kakaotalk messages and SNS comments used smartphones for an additional 38 minutes per day on average.
Results also showed that “high risk” students were on their smartphones for 4 hours and 13 minutes per day, 46 minutes longer than “low risk” students who used smartphones for 3 hours and 27 minutes. The difference was prevalent during 6 am and noon, and 6pm and midnight. In addition, “high risk” students accessed their smartphones 11.4 times more than “low risk” students.
Based on the collected data, Professor Lee developed an automatic system that distinguished users into “high risk” or “low risk” categories with 80% accuracy. The new system is expected to give an early diagnosis of addiction to smartphone users, thereby allowing for early treatment and intervention before the user becomes addicted.
Professor Lee commented that, "the conventional addiction analysis based on self-analysis surveys did not provide real-time data and were largely inaccurate. The new system overcomes these limitations through data science and personal big data analysis" and that he is "developing an application that monitors smartphone abuse."
Figure 1. Usage amount: overall and application-specific results
Figure 2. Usage frequency: overall and application-specific results
Figure 3. Overall diurnal usage time and frequency
2014.06.05 View 8063 -
Discovery Channel Featured "TransWall" Developed by Professor Woohun Lee
One of the most popular television programs at Discovery Channel in Canada, Daily Planet, a daily science magazine show that delivers a fascinating mix of documentaries and features, aired "TransWall” (http://vimeo.com/70391422) developed by Professor Woohun Lee of Industrial Design at KAIST.
TransWall is a two-sided touchable transparent display with a surface transducer incorporated in the display. It enables users to see, hear, or even touch people standing on the other side of the display, thereby enhancing interactive experiences when playing games or communicating.
TransWall was introduced at the 2014 ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) held in Toronto, Canada, from April 26 to May 1. The Channel learned about the technology at the conference and produced the show on April 30, 2014.
To watch the show, please visit:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GGP59S7T2k&list=PLXmuftxI6pTXuyjjrGFlcN5YFTKZinDhK.
2014.05.29 View 10502 -
President Steve Kang Received an Honorary Degree from Fairleigh Dickinson University
At its 71st Commencement held on May 20, 2014, Fairleigh Dickinson University (FDU) in Teaneck, NJ, conferred an honorary doctorate (Doctor of Science) on President Steve Kang. FDU is President Kang’s alma mater. He received a bachelor’s degree from FDU in electrical engineering in 1970.
For details, please refer to the press statement released by FDU on May 20, 2014.
Fairleigh Dickinson University holds 71st Commencement on May 20
During the Commencement ceremony, the University will confer honorary degrees on Joyce Carol Oates, Rachel Robinson, and Sung Mo “Steve” Kang (BSEE’70).
http://inside.fdu.edu/prpt/71st_commencement.html
2014.05.25 View 8146 -
KAIST Made Great Improvements of Nanogenerator Power Efficiency
The energy efficiency of a piezoelectric nanogenerator developed by KAIST has increased by almost 40 times, one step closer toward the commercialization of flexible energy harvesters that can supply power infinitely to wearable, implantable electronic devices.
NANOGENERATORS are innovative self-powered energy harvesters that convert kinetic energy created from vibrational and mechanical sources into electrical power, removing the need of external circuits or batteries for electronic devices. This innovation is vital in realizing sustainable energy generation in isolated, inaccessible, or indoor environments and even in the human body.
Nanogenerators, a flexible and lightweight energy harvester on a plastic substrate, can scavenge energy from the extremely tiny movements of natural resources and human body such as wind, water flow, heartbeats, and diaphragm and respiration activities to generate electrical signals. The generators are not only self-powered, flexible devices but also can provide permanent power sources to implantable biomedical devices, including cardiac pacemakers and deep brain stimulators.
However, poor energy efficiency and a complex fabrication process have posed challenges to the commercialization of nanogenerators. Keon Jae Lee, Associate Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at KAIST, and his colleagues have recently proposed a solution by developing a robust technique to transfer a high-quality piezoelectric thin film from bulk sapphire substrates to plastic substrates using laser lift-off (LLO).
Applying the inorganic-based laser lift-off (LLO) process, the research team produced a large-area PZT thin film nanogenerators on flexible substrates (2cm x 2cm).
“We were able to convert a high-output performance of ~250 V from the slight mechanical deformation of a single thin plastic substrate. Such output power is just enough to turn on 100 LED lights,” Keon Jae Lee explained.
The self-powered nanogenerators can also work with finger and foot motions. For example, under the irregular and slight bending motions of a human finger, the measured current signals had a high electric power of ~8.7 μA. In addition, the piezoelectric nanogenerator has world-record power conversion efficiency, almost 40 times higher than previously reported similar research results, solving the drawbacks related to the fabrication complexity and low energy efficiency.
Lee further commented,
“Building on this concept, it is highly expected that tiny mechanical motions, including human body movements of muscle contraction and relaxation, can be readily converted into electrical energy and, furthermore, acted as eternal power sources.”
The research team is currently studying a method to build three-dimensional stacking of flexible piezoelectric thin films to enhance output power, as well as conducting a clinical experiment with a flexible nanogenerator.
This research result, entitled “Highly-efficient, Flexible Piezoelectric PZT Thin Film Nanogenerator on Plastic Substrates,” was published as the cover article of the April issue of Advanced Materials. (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.201305659/abstract)
YouTube Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_Fny7Xb9ig
Over 100 LEDs operated by self-powered flexible piezoelectric thin film nanogenerator
Flexible PZT thin film nanogenerator using inorganic-based laser lift-off process
Photograph of large-area PZT thin film nanogenerator (3.5cm × 3.5cm) on a curved glass tube and 105 commercial LEDs operated by self-powered flexible piezoelectric energy harvester
2014.05.19 View 15063 -
Clear Display Technology Under Sunlight Developed
The late Professor Seung-Man Yang
The last paper of the late Professor Seung-Man Yang, who was a past master of colloids and fluid mechanics
Practical patterning technology of the next generation optical materials, photonic crystals
The mineral opal does not possess any pigments, but it appears colorful to our eyes. This is because only a particular wavelength is reflected due to the regular nano-structure of its surface. The material that causes selective reflection of the light is called photonic crystals.
The deceased Professor Seung-Man Yang and his research team from KAIST’s Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department ha ve developed micro-pattern technology using photolithographic process. This can accelerate the commercialization of photonic crystals, which is hailed as the next generation optics material.
The research results were published in the April 16th edition of Advanced Materials, known as the most prestigious world-renowned journal in the field of materials science.
The newly developed photonic crystal micro-pattern could be used as a core material for the next generation reflective display that is clearly visible even under sunlight. Since it does not require a separate light source, a single charge is enough to last for several days.
Until now, many scientists have endeavored to make photonic crystals artificially, however, most were produced in a lump and therefore lacked efficiency. Also, the low mechanical stability of the formed structure prevented from commercialization.
In order to solve these problems, the research team has copied the nano-structure of opals.
Glass beads were arranged in the same nano-structure as the opal on top of the photoresist material undergoing photocuring by ultraviolet light. The glass beads were installed in the photoresist materials, and UV light was selectively exposed on micro regions. The remaining region was developed by photolithographic process to successfully produce photonic crystals in micro-patterns.
The co-author of the research, KAIST Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department’s Professor Sin-Hyeon Kim, said, “Combining the semiconductor process technology with photonic crystal pattern technology can secure the practical applications for photonic crystals.”He also predicted “This technology can be used as the key optical material that configures the next generation reflective color display device with very low power consumption.”
The late Professor Seung-Man Yang was a world-renowned expert in the field of colloids and fluid mechanics. Professor Yang published over 193 papers in international journals and continued his research until his passing in last September.
He received Du Pont Science and Technology Award in 2007, KAIST Person of the Year 2008, Gyeong-Am Academy Award in 2009, as well as the President’s Award of the Republic of Korea in March 2014. The researchers devoted the achievement of this year’s research to Professor Yang in his honor.
Research was conducted by KAIST Photonic-fluidic Integrated Devices Research Team, as a part of the Creative Research Program funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Republic of Korea.
Figure 1. Opal [left] and the nano glass bead arrangement structure within the opal [right]
Figure 2. Process chart of the photonic crystal micro-pattern formation based on photolithography
Figure 3. Opal structure [left] and inverted structure of the opal [right]
Figure 4. Photonic crystal micro-pattern in solid colors
Figure 5. Photonic crystal micro-pattern that reflects two different crystals (Red, Green) [left] and pixelated pattern of photonic crystal in three primary colors (Red, Green, Blue) [right] that is applicable to reflective displays
2014.05.14 View 13129 -
Yong-Joon Park, doctoral student, receives the Korea Dow Chemical Award 2014
Yong-Joon Park, a Ph.D. candidate of Materials Science and Engineering at KAIST, received the Korea Dow Chemical Award 2014, a prestigious recognition of the year’s best paper produced by students in the field of chemistry and materials science.
The award ceremony took place on April 18, 2014 at Ilsan Kintex, Republic of Korea.
The Korea Dow Chemical Award is annually given by Korea Dow Chemical and the Korean Chemical Society to outstanding papers produced by graduate and postdoc students. This year, a total of nine papers were selected out of 148 papers submitted.
The title of Park’s paper is “The Development of 3D Nano-structure-based New Concept Super-elastic Materials.” This material could be used in flexible electronic devices such as displays and wearable computers.
2014.05.03 View 9330 -
An Electron Cloud Distribution Observed by the Scanning Seebeck Microscope
All matters are made of small particles, namely atoms. An atom is composed of a heavy nucleus and cloud-like, extremely light electrons.
Korean researchers developed an electron microscopy technique that enables the accurate observation of an electron cloud distribution at room-temperature. The achievement is comparable to the invention of the quantum tunneling microscopy technique developed 33 years ago.
Professor Yong-Hyun Kim of the Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology at KAIST and Dr. Ho-Gi Yeo of the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) developed the Scanning Seebeck Microscope (SSM). The SSM renders clear images of atoms, as well as an electron cloud distribution. This was achieved by creating a voltage difference via a temperature gradient.
The development was introduced in the online edition of Physical Review Letters (April 2014), a prestigious journal published by the American Institute of Physics.
The SSM is expected to be economically competitive as it gives high resolution images at an atomic scale even for graphene and semiconductors, both at room temperature. In addition, if the SSM is applied to thermoelectric material research, it will contribute to the development of high-efficiency thermoelectric materials.
Through numerous hypotheses and experiments, scientists now believe that there exists an electron cloud surrounding a nucleus. IBM's Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) was the first to observe the electron cloud and has remained as the only technique to this day. The developers of IBM microscope, Dr. Gerd Binnig and Dr. Heinrich Rohrer, were awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics.
There still remains a downside to the STM technique, however: it required high precision and extreme low temperature and vibration. The application of voltage also affects the electron cloud, resulting in a distorted image.
The KAIST research team adopted a different approach by using the Seebeck effect which refers to the voltage generation due to a temperature gradient between two materials.
The team placed an observation sample (graphene) at room temperature (37~57℃) and detected its voltage generation. This technique made it possible to observe an electron cloud at room temperature.
Furthermore, the research team investigated the theoretical quantum mechanics behind the electron cloud using the observation gained through the Seebeck effect and also obtained by simulation capability to analyze the experimental results.
The research was a joint research project between KAIST Professor Yong-Hyun Kim and KRISS researcher Dr. Ho-Gi Yeo. Eui-Seop Lee, a Ph.D. candidate of KAIST, and KRISS researcher Dr. Sang-Hui Cho also participated. The Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning, the Global Frontier Initiative, and the Disruptive Convergent Technology Development Initiative funded the project in Korea.
Picture 1: Schematic Diagram of the Scanning Seebeck Microscope (SSM)
Picture 2: Electron cloud distribution observed by SSM at room temperature
Picture 3: Professor Yong-Hyun Kim
2014.04.04 View 15265