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KAIST sends out Music and Bio-Signs of Professor Kwon Ji-yong, a.k.a. G-Dragon, into Space to Pulsate through Universe and Resonate among Stars
KAIST (President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced on the 10th of April that it successfully promoted the world’s first ‘Space Sound Source Transmission Project’ based on media art at the KAIST Space Research Institute on April 9th through collaboration between Professor Jinjoon Lee of the Graduate School of Culture Technology, a world-renowned media artist, and the global K-Pop artist, G-Dragon. This project was proposed as part of the ‘AI Entertech Research Center’ being promoted by KAIST and Galaxy Corporation. It is a project to transmit the message and sound of G-Dragon (real name, Kwon Ji-yong), a singer/song writer affiliated with Galaxy Corporation and a visiting professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KAIST, to space for the first time in the world. This is a convergence project that combines science, technology, art, and popular music, and is a new form of ‘space culture content’ experiment that connects KAIST’s cutting-edge space technology, Professor Jinjoon Lee’s media art work, and G-Dragon’s voice and sound source containing his latest digital single, "HOME SWEET HOME". < Photo 1. Professor Jinjoon Lee's Open Your Eyes Project "Iris"'s imagery projected on the 13m space antenna at the Space Research Institute > This collaboration was planned with the theme of ‘emotional signals that expand the inner universe of humans to the outer universe.’ The image of G-Dragon’s iris was augmented through AI as a window into soul symbolizing his uniqueness and identity, and the new song “Home Sweet Home” was combined as an audio message containing the vibration of that emotion. This was actually transmitted into space using a next-generation small satellite developed by KAIST Space Research Institute, completing a symbolic performance in which an individual’s inner universe is transmitted to outer space. Professor Jinjoon Lee’s cinematic media art work “Iris” was unveiled at the site. This work was screened in the world’s first projection mapping method* on KAIST Space Research Institute’s 13m space antenna. This video was created using generative artificial intelligence (AI) technology based on the image of G-Dragon's iris, and combined with sound using the data of the sounds of Emile Bell rings – the bell that holds a thousand years of history, it presented an emotional art experience that transcends time and space. *Projection Mapping: A technology that projects light and images onto actual structures to create visual changes, and is a method of expression that artistically reinterprets space. This work is one of the major research achievements of KAIST TX Lab and Professor Lee based on new media technology based on biometric data such as iris, heartbeat, and brain waves. Professor Jinjoon Lee said, "The iris is a symbol that reflects inner emotions and identity, so much so that it is called the 'mirror of the soul,' and this work sought to express 'the infinite universe seen from the inside of humanity' through G-Dragon's gaze." < Photo 2. (From left) Professor Jinjoon Lee of the Graduate School of Culture Technology and G-Dragon (Visiting Professor Kwon Ji-yong of the Department of Mechanical Engineering) > He continued, "The universe is a realm of technology as well as a stage for imagination and emotion, and I look forward to an encounter with the unknown through a new attempt to speak of art in the language of science including AI and imagine science in the form of art." “G-Dragon’s voice and music have now begun their journey to space,” said Yong-ho Choi, Galaxy Corporation’s Chief Happiness Officer (CHO). “This project is an act of leaving music as a legacy for humanity, while also having an important meaning of attempting to communicate with space.” He added, “This is a pioneering step to introduce human culture to space, and it will remain as a monumental performance that opens a new chapter in the history of music comparable to the Beatles.” Galaxy Corporation is leading the future entertainment technology industry through its collaboration with KAIST, and was recently selected as the only entertainment technology company in a private meeting with Microsoft CEO Nadella. In particular, it is promoting the globalization of AI entertainment technology, receiving praise as a “pioneer of imagination” for new forms of AI entertainment content, including the AI contents for the deceased. < Photo 3. Photo of G-Dragon's Home Sweet Home being sent into the space via Professor Jinjoon Lee's Space Sound Source Transmission Project > Through this project, KAIST Space Research Institute presented new possibilities for utilizing satellite technology, and showed a model for science to connect with society in a more popular way. KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee said, “KAIST is a place that always supports new imaginations and challenges,” and added, “We will continue to strive to continue creative research that no one has ever thought of, like this project that combines science, technology, and art.” In the meantime, Galaxy Corporation, the agency of G-Dragon’s Professor Kwon Ji-yong, is an AI entertainment company that presents a new paradigm based on IP, media, tech, and entertainment convergence technology.
2025.04.10
View 1297
KAIST, Galaxy Corporation Hold Signboard Ceremony for ‘AI Entertech Research Center’
KAIST (President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced on the 9th that it will hold a signboard ceremony for the establishment of the ‘AI Entertech Research Center’ with the artificial intelligence entertech company, Galaxy Corporation (CEO Yong-ho Choi) at the main campus of KAIST. < (Galaxy Corporation, from center to the left) CEO Yongho Choi, Director Hyunjung Kim and related persons / (KAIST, from center to the right) Professor SeungSeob Lee of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Provost and Executive Vice President Gyun Min Lee, Dean Jung Kim of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Professor Yong Jin Yoon of the same department > This collaboration is a part of KAIST’s art convergence research strategy and is an extension of its efforts to lead future K-Culture through the development of creative cultural content based on science and technology. Beyond simple technological development, KAIST has been continuously implementing the convergence model of ‘Tech-Art’ that expands the horizon of the content industry through the fusion of emotional technology and cultural imagination. Previously, KAIST established the ‘Sumi Jo Performing Arts Research Center’ in collaboration with world-renowned soprano Sumi Jo, a visiting professor, and has been leading the convergence research of art and engineering, such as AI-based interactive performance technology and immersive content. The establishment of the ‘AI Entertech Research Center’ this time is being evaluated as a new challenge for the technological expansion of the K-content industry. In addition, the role of singer G-Dragon (real name Kwon Ji-yong), an artist affiliated with Galaxy Corporation and a visiting professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KAIST, was also a major factor. Since being appointed to KAIST last year, Professor Kwon has been actively promoting the establishment of a research center and soliciting KAIST research projects through his agency to develop the ‘AI Entertech’ field, which fuses entertainment and cutting-edge technology. < (Galaxy Corporation, from center to the left) CEO Yongho Choi, Director Hyunjung Kim and related persons / (KAIST, from center to the right) Professor SeungSeob Lee of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Provost and Executive Vice President Gyun Min Lee, Dean Jung Kim of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Professor Yong Jin Yoon of the same department > The AI Entertech Research Center is scheduled to officially launch in the third quarter of this year, and this inauguration ceremony was held in line with Professor Kwon Ji-yong’s schedule to visit KAIST. Galaxy Corporation recently had a private meeting with Microsoft (MS) CEO Nadella as the only entertech company, and is actively promoting the globalization of AI entertech. In addition, since last year, it has established a cooperative relationship with KAIST and plans to actively seek the convergence of entertech and technology that transcends time and space through the establishment of a research center. Professor Kwon Ji-yong will attend the ‘Innovate Korea 2025’ event co-hosted by KAIST, Herald Media Group, and the National Research Council of Science and Technology, held at the KAIST Lyu Keun-Chul Sports Complex in the afternoon of the same day, and will give a special talk on the topic of ‘The Future of AI Entertech.’ In addition to Professor Kwon, Professor SeungSeob Lee of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KAIST, Professor Sang-gyun Kim of Kyunghee University, and CEO Yong-ho Choi of Galaxy Corporation will also participate in this talk show. The two organizations signed an MOU last year to jointly research science and technology for the global spread of K-pop, and the establishment of this research center is the first tangible result of this. Once the research center is fully operational, various projects such as the development of an AI-based entertech platform and joint research on global content technology will be promoted. < A photo of Professor Kwon Ji-yong (right) from at the talk show with KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee (left) from the previous year > Yong-ho Choi, Galaxy Corporation CHO (Chief Happiness Officer), said, “This collaboration is the starting point for providing a completely new entertainment experience to fans around the world by grafting KAIST AI and cutting-edge technologies onto the fandom platform,” and added, “The convergence of AI and entertech is not just technological advancement; it is a driving force for innovation that enriches human life.” Kwang-Hyung Lee, KAIST President, said, “I am confident that KAIST’s scientific and technological capabilities, combined with Professor Kwon Ji-yong’s global sensibility, will lead the technological evolution of K-culture,” and added, “I hope that KAIST’s spirit of challenge and research DNA will create a new wave in the entertech market.” Meanwhile, Galaxy Corporation, the agency of Professor G-Dragon Kwon Ji-yong, is an AI entertainment technology company that presents a new paradigm based on IP, media, tech, and entertainment convergence technology. (End)
2025.04.09
View 880
KAIST Accelerates Synthetic Microbe Design by Discovering Novel Enzymes Using AI
< (From left) Professor Sang Yup Lee of the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (top), Hongkeun Ji, PhD candidate of the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (top), Ha Rim Kim, PhD candidate of the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Dr. Gi Bae Kim of the BioProcess Engineering Research Center > Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions within cells and play a pivotal role in metabolic processes. Accordingly, identifying the functions of novel enzymes is a critical task in the construction of microbial cell factories. A KAIST research team has leveraged artificial intelligence (AI) to design novel enzymes that do not exist in nature, significantly accelerating microbial cell factory development and boosting the potential for next-generation biotechnological applications such as drug development and biofuel production. KAIST (represented by President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced on the 21st of April that Distinguished Professor Sang Yup Lee and his team from the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering have published a review titled “Enzyme Functional Classification Using Artificial Intelligence,” which outlines the advancement of AI-based enzyme function prediction technologies and analyzes how AI has contributed to the discovery and design of new enzymes. Professor Lee’s team systematically reviewed the development of enzyme function prediction technologies utilizing machine learning and deep learning, offering a comprehensive analysis. From sequence similarity-based prediction methods to the integration of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), graph neural networks (GNNs), and transformer-based large language models, the paper covers a broad range of AI applications. It analyzes how these technologies extract meaningful information from protein sequences and enhance prediction accuracy. In particular, enzyme function prediction using deep learning goes beyond simple sequence similarity analysis. By automatically extracting structural and evolutionary features embedded in amino acid sequences, deep learning enables more precise predictions of catalytic functions. This highlights the unique advantages of AI models compared to traditional bioinformatics approaches. Moreover, the review suggests that the advancement of generative AI will move future research beyond predicting existing functions to generating entirely new enzymes with functions not found in nature. This shift is expected to profoundly impact the trajectory of biotechnology and synthetic biology. < Figure 1. Extraction of enzyme characteristics and function prediction using various deep learning structures > Ha Rim Kim, a Ph.D. candidate and co-first author from the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, stated, “AI-based enzyme function prediction and enzyme design are highly important across various fields including metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and healthcare.” Distinguished Professor Sang Yup Lee added, “AI-powered enzyme function prediction shows the potential to solve diverse biological problems and will significantly contribute to accelerating research across the entire field.” The review was published on March 28 in Trends in Biotechnology, a leading biotechnology journal issued by Cell Press. ※ Title: Enzyme Functional Classification Using Artificial Intelligence ※DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.03.003 ※ Author Information: Ha Rim Kim (KAIST, Co-first author), Hongkeun Ji (KAIST, Co-first author), Gi Bae Kim (KAIST, Third author), Sang Yup Lee (KAIST, Corresponding author) This research was supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT under the project Development of Core Technologies for Advanced Synthetic Biology to Lead the Bio-Manufacturing Industry (aimed at replacing petroleum-based chemicals), and also by joint support from the Ministry of Science and ICT and the Ministry of Health and Welfare for the project Development of Novel Antibiotic Structures Using Deep Learning-Based Synthetic Biology.
2025.04.07
View 68
KAIST perfectly reproduces Joseon-era Irworobongdo without pigments
Typically, chemical pigments that absorb specific wavelengths of light within the visible spectrum are required to produce colors. However, KAIST researchers have successfully reproduced the Joseon-era Irworobongdo [일월오봉도] painting using ultra-precise color graphics without any chemical pigments, allowing for the permanent and eco-friendly preservation of color graphics without fading or discoloration. < (From left) Chaerim Son, a graduate of the Department of Biochemical Engineering (lead author), Seong Kyeong Nam, a graduate of the PhD program, Jiwoo Lee, a PhD student, and Professor Shin-Hyun Kim > KAIST (represented by President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on the 26th of February that a research team led by Professor Shinhyun Kim from the Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering had developed a technology that enables high-resolution color graphics without using any chemical pigments by employing hemisphere-shaped microstructures. Morpho butterflies that are brilliant blue in color or Panther chameleons that change skin color exhibit coloration without chemical pigments, as ordered nanostructures within a material reflect visible light through optical interference. Since structural colors arise from physical structures rather than chemical substances, a single material can produce a wide range of colors. However, the artificial implementation of structural coloration is highly challenging due to the complexity of creating ordered nanostructures. Additionally, it is difficult to produce a variety of colors and to pattern them precisely into complex designs. < Figure 1. Principle of structural color expression using micro-hemispheres (left) and method of forming micro-hemisphere patterns based on photolithography (right) > Professor Kim’s team overcame these challenges by using smooth-surfaced hemispherical microstructures instead of ordered nanostructures, enabling the high-precision patterning of diverse structural colors. When light enters the inverted hemispherical microstructures, the portion of light entering from the sides undergoes total internal reflection along the curved surface, creating retroreflection. When the hemisphere diameter is approximately 10 micrometers (about one-tenth the thickness of a human hair), light traveling along different reflection paths interferes within the visible spectrum, producing structural coloration. < Figure 2. “Irworobongdo”, the Painting of the Sun, Moon, and the Five Peaks, reproduced in fingernail size without pigment using approximately 200,000 micro-hemispheres > The structural color can be tuned by adjusting the size of the hemispheres. By arranging hemispheres of varying sizes, much like mixing paints on a palette, an infinite range of colors can be generated. To precisely pattern microscale hemispheres of different sizes, the research team employed photolithography* using positive photoresists** commonly used in semiconductor processing. They first patterned photoresists into micropillar structures, then induced reflow*** by heating the material, forming hemispherical microstructures. *Photolithography: A technique used in semiconductor fabrication to pattern microscale structures. **Positive photoresist: A photosensitive polymer that dissolves more easily in a developer solution after exposure to ultraviolet light. ***Reflow: A process in which a polymer material softens and reshapes into a curved structure when heated. This method enables the formation of hemisphere-shaped microstructures with the desired sizes and colors in a single-step fabrication process. It also allows for the reproduction of arbitrary color graphics using a single material without any pigments. The ultra-precise color graphics created with this technique can exhibit color variations depending on the angle of incident light or the viewing perspective. The pattern appears colored from one direction while remaining transparent from the opposite side, exhibiting a Janus effect. These structural color graphics achieve resolution comparable to cutting-edge LED displays, allowing complex color images to be captured within a fingernail-sized area and projected onto large screens. < Figure 3. “Irworobongdo” that displays different shades depending on the angle of light and viewing direction > Professor Shinhyun Kim, who led the research, stated, “Our newly developed pigment-free color graphics technology can serve as an innovative method for artistic expression, merging art with advanced materials. Additionally, it holds broad application potential in optical devices and sensors, anti-counterfeiting materials, aesthetic photocard printing, and many other fields.” This research, with KAIST researcher Chaerim Son as the first author, was published in the prestigious materials science journal Advanced Materials on February 5. (Paper title: “Retroreflective Multichrome Microdome Arrays Created by Single-Step Reflow”, DOI: 10.1002/adma.202413143 ) < Figure 4. Famous paintings reproduced without pigment: “Impression, Sunrise” (left), “Girl with a Pearl Earring” (right) > The study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea through the Pioneer Converging Technology R&D Program and the Mid-Career Researcher Program.
2025.02.26
View 1781
KAIST Research Team Develops an AI Framework Capable of Overcoming the Strength-Ductility Dilemma in Additive-manufactured Titanium Alloys
<(From Left) Ph.D. Student Jaejung Park and Professor Seungchul Lee of KAIST Department of Mechanical Engineering and , Professor Hyoung Seop Kim of POSTECH, and M.S.–Ph.D. Integrated Program Student Jeong Ah Lee of POSTECH. > The KAIST research team led by Professor Seungchul Lee from Department of Mechanical Engineering, in collaboration with Professor Hyoung Seop Kim’s team at POSTECH, successfully overcame the strength–ductility dilemma of Ti 6Al 4V alloy using artificial intelligence, enabling the production of high strength, high ductility metal products. The AI developed by the team accurately predicts mechanical properties based on various 3D printing process parameters while also providing uncertainty information, and it uses both to recommend process parameters that hold high promise for 3D printing. Among various 3D printing technologies, laser powder bed fusion is an innovative method for manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V alloy, renowned for its high strength and bio-compatibility. However, this alloy made via 3D printing has traditionally faced challenges in simultaneously achieving high strength and high ductility. Although there have been attempts to address this issue by adjusting both the printing process parameters and heat treatment conditions, the vast number of possible combinations made it difficult to explore them all through experiments and simulations alone. The active learning framework developed by the team quickly explores a wide range of 3D printing process parameters and heat treatment conditions to recommend those expected to improve both strength and ductility of the alloy. These recommendations are based on the AI model’s predictions of ultimate tensile strength and total elongation along with associated uncertainty information for each set of process parameters and heat treatment conditions. The recommended conditions are then validated by performing 3D printing and tensile tests to obtain the true mechanical property values. These new data are incorporated into further AI model training, and through iterative exploration, the optimal process parameters and heat treatment conditions for producing high-performance alloys were determined in only five iterations. With these optimized conditions, the 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V alloy achieved an ultimate tensile strength of 1190 MPa and a total elongation of 16.5%, successfully overcoming the strength–ductility dilemma. Professor Seungchul Lee commented, “In this study, by optimizing the 3D printing process parameters and heat treatment conditions, we were able to develop a high-strength, high-ductility Ti-6Al-4V alloy with minimal experimentation trials. Compared to previous studies, we produced an alloy with a similar ultimate tensile strength but higher total elongation, as well as that with a similar elongation but greater ultimate tensile strength.” He added, “Furthermore, if our approach is applied not only to mechanical properties but also to other properties such as thermal conductivity and thermal expansion, we anticipate that it will enable efficient exploration of 3D printing process parameters and heat treatment conditions.” This study was published in Nature Communications on January 22 (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56267-1), and the research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea’s Nano & Material Technology Development Program and the Leading Research Center Program.
2025.02.21
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Formosa Group of Taiwan to Establish Bio R&D Center at KAIST Investing 12.5 M USD
KAIST (President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced on February 17th that it signed an agreement for cooperation in the bio-medical field with Formosa Group, one of the three largest companies in Taiwan. < Formosa Group Chairman Sandy Wang and KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee at the signing ceremony > Formosa Group Executive Committee member and Chairman Sandy Wang, who leads the group's bio and eco-friendly energy sectors, decided to establish a bio-medical research center within KAIST and invest approximately KRW 18 billion or more over 5 years. In addition, to commercialize the research results, KAIST and Formosa Group will establish a joint venture in Korea with KAIST Holdings, a KAIST-funded company. The cooperation between the two organizations began in early 2023 when KAIST signed a comprehensive exchange and cooperation agreement (MOU) with Ming Chi University of Science and Technology (明志科技大學), Chang Gung University (長庚大學), and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (長庚記念醫院), which are established and supported by Formosa Group. Afterwards, Chairman Sandy Wang visited KAIST in May 2024 and signed a more specific business agreement (MOA). KAIST Holdings is a holding company established by KAIST, a government-funded organization, to attract investment and conduct business, and will pursue the establishment of a joint venture with a 50:50 equity structure in cooperation with Formosa Group. KAIST Holdings will invest KAIST’s intellectual property rights, and Formosa Group will invest a corresponding amount of funds. The KAIST-Formosa joint venture will provide research funds to the KAIST-Formosa Bio-Medical Research Center to be established in the future, secure the right to implement the intellectual property rights generated, and promote full-scale business. The KAIST-Formosa Bio-Medical Research Center will establish a ‘brain organoid bank’ created by obtaining tissues from hundreds of patients with degenerative brain diseases, thereby securing high-dimensional data that will reveal the fundamental causes of aging and disease. It is expected that KAIST’s world-class artificial intelligence technology will analyze large-scale patient data to find the causes of aging and disease. Through this business, it is expected that by 2030, five years from now, it will discover more than 10 types of intractable brain disease treatments and expand to more than 20 businesses, including human cell-centered diagnostics and preclinical businesses, and secure infrastructure and intellectual property rights that can create value worth approximately KRW 250 billion. The Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan has 10,000 beds and handles 35,000 patients per day, and systematically accumulates patient tissue and clinical data. Chang Gung Memorial Hospital will differentiate the tissues of patients with degenerative brain diseases and send them to the KAIST-Formosa Bio-Medical Research Center, which will then produce brain organoids to be used for disease research and new drug development. This will allow the world’s largest patient tissue data bank to be established. Dean Daesoo Kim of the College of Life Science and Bioengineering at KAIST said, “This collaboration between KAIST and Formosa Group is a new research collaboration model that goes beyond joint research to establish a joint venture and global commercialization of developed technologies, and it is significant in that it can serve as an opportunity to promote biomedical research and development.” With this agreement, KAIST, which has been promoting the KAIST Advanced Regenerative Medicine Engineering Center in Osong K-Bio Square, has secured a practical global partner. < Representatives of the Formosa Group and KAIST > KAIST’s Senior Vice President for Planning and Budget, Professor Kyung-Soo Kim emphasized, “KAIST has made great efforts to secure an edge in state-of-the-art biomedical fields such as stem cells and gene editing technology, by attracting the world’s best experts and discovering global cooperation partners, and these results can ultimately be linked to the Osong K-Bio Square project.” SVP Kim then predicted, “In particular, the practical cooperation with Taiwan’s best Formosa Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, which has abundant clinical experience in stem cell treatment, will be an important axis of KAIST’s bio innovation strategy.” Formosa Chairman Sandy Wang emphasized that this investment and cooperation is built on trust in KAIST’s R&D capabilities and the passion of its researchers. And added that through this, the Formosa Group will practice corporate social responsibility and take an important first step together with KAIST to protect the welfare and health of humanity. She also went on the say that she expects to see the cooperation expanded to various fields such as mobility and semiconductors based on the successes begotten from the cooperation in the bio field. KAIST President Kwang-Hyung Lee said, “I evaluate this agreement as one of the most important events that will spearhead KAIST into overseas biotechnology stages,” and added, “I expect that this cooperation will be an opportunity for Taiwan and Korea, both of which have IT industry-centered structures, to create new growth engines in the bio industry.” Meanwhile, Formosa Group is a company founded by Chairman Sandy Wang’s father, Chairman Yung-Ching Wang. It is the world’s No. 1 plastic PVC producer and is leading core industries of the Taiwanese economy, including semiconductors, steel, heavy industry, bio, and batteries. Chairman Yung-Ching Wang was respected by the Taiwanese people for his exemplary return of wealth to society under the belief that the companies and assets he founded “belong to the people.”
2025.02.17
View 1909
KAIST Develops AI-Driven Performance Prediction Model to Advance Space Electric Propulsion Technology
< (From left) PhD candidate Youngho Kim, Professor Wonho Choe, and PhD candidate Jaehong Park from the Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering > Hall thrusters, a key space technology for missions like SpaceX's Starlink constellation and NASA's Psyche asteroid mission, are high-efficiency electric propulsion devices using plasma technology*. The KAIST research team announced that the AI-designed Hall thruster developed for CubeSats will be installed on the KAIST-Hall Effect Rocket Orbiter (K-HERO) CubeSat to demonstrate its in-orbit performance during the fourth launch of the Korean Launch Vehicle called Nuri rocket (KSLV-2) scheduled for November this year. *Plasma is one of the four states of matter, where gases are heated to high energies, causing them to separate into charged ions and electrons. Plasma is used not only in space electric propulsion but also in semiconductor manufacturing, display processes, and sterilization devices. On February 3rd, the research team from the KAIST Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering’s Electric Propulsion Laboratory, led by Professor Wonho Choe, announced the development of an AI-based technique to accurately predict the performance of Hall thrusters, the engines of satellites and space probes. Hall thrusters provide high fuel efficiency, requiring minimal propellant to achieve significant acceleration of spacecrafts or satellites while producing substantial thrust relative to power consumption. Due to these advantages, Hall thrusters are widely used in various space missions, including the formation flight of satellite constellations, deorbiting maneuvers for space debris mitigation, and deep space missions such as asteroid exploration. As the space industry continues to grow during the NewSpace era, the demand for Hall thrusters suited to diverse missions is increasing. To rapidly develop highly efficient, mission-optimized Hall thrusters, it is essential to predict thruster performance accurately from the design phase. However, conventional methods have limitations, as they struggle to handle the complex plasma phenomena within Hall thrusters or are only applicable under specific conditions, leading to lower prediction accuracy. The research team developed an AI-based performance prediction technique with high accuracy, significantly reducing the time and cost associated with the iterative design, fabrication, and testing of thrusters. Since 2003, Professor Wonho Choe’s team has been leading research on electric propulsion development in Korea. The team applied a neural network ensemble model to predict thruster performance using 18,000 Hall thruster training data points generated from their in-house numerical simulation tool. The in-house numerical simulation tool, developed to model plasma physics and thrust performance, played a crucial role in providing high-quality training data. The simulation’s accuracy was validated through comparisons with experimental data from ten KAIST in-house Hall thrusters, with an average prediction error of less than 10%. < Figure 1. This research has been selected as the cover article for the March 2025 issue (Volume 7, Issue 3) of the AI interdisciplinary journal, Advanced Intelligent Systems. > The trained neural network ensemble model acts as a digital twin, accurately predicting the Hall thruster performance within seconds based on thruster design variables. Notably, it offers detailed analyses of performance parameters such as thrust and discharge current, accounting for Hall thruster design variables like propellant flow rate and magnetic field—factors that are challenging to evaluate using traditional scaling laws. This AI model demonstrated an average prediction error of less than 5% for the in-house 700 W and 1 kW KAIST Hall thrusters and less than 9% for a 5 kW high-power Hall thruster developed by the University of Michigan and the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. This confirms the broad applicability of the AI prediction method across different power levels of Hall thrusters. Professor Wonho Choe stated, “The AI-based prediction technique developed by our team is highly accurate and is already being utilized in the analysis of thrust performance and the development of highly efficient, low-power Hall thrusters for satellites and spacecraft. This AI approach can also be applied beyond Hall thrusters to various industries, including semiconductor manufacturing, surface processing, and coating, through ion beam sources.” < Figure 2. The AI-based prediction technique developed by the research team accurately predicts thrust performance based on design variables, making it highly valuable for the development of high-efficiency Hall thrusters. The neural network ensemble processes design variables, such as channel geometry and magnetic field information, and outputs key performance metrics like thrust and prediction accuracy, enabling efficient thruster design and performance analysis. > Additionally, Professor Choe mentioned, “The CubeSat Hall thruster, developed using the AI technique in collaboration with our lab startup—Cosmo Bee, an electric propulsion company—will be tested in orbit this November aboard the K-HERO 3U (30 x 10 x 10 cm) CubeSat, scheduled for launch on the fourth flight of the KSLV-2 Nuri rocket.” This research was published online in Advanced Intelligent Systems on December 25, 2024 with PhD candidate Jaehong Park as the first author and was selected as the journal’s cover article, highlighting its innovation. < Figure 3. Image of the 150 W low-power Hall thruster for small and micro satellites, developed in collaboration with Cosmo Bee and the KAIST team. The thruster will be tested in orbit on the K-HERO CubeSat during the KSLV-2 Nuri rocket’s fourth launch in Q4 2025. > This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea’s Space Pioneer Program (200mN High Thrust Electric Propulsion System Development). (Paper Title: Predicting Performance of Hall Effect Ion Source Using Machine Learning, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400555 ) < Figure 4. Graphs of the predicted thrust and discharge current of KAIST’s 700 W Hall thruster using the AI model (HallNN). The left image shows the Hall thruster operating in KAIST Electric Propulsion Laboratory’s vacuum chamber, while the center and right graphs present the prediction results for thrust and discharge current based on anode mass flow rate. The red lines represent AI predictions, and the blue dots represent experimental results, with a prediction error of less than 5%. >
2025.02.03
View 3306
KAIST Develops Neuromorphic Semiconductor Chip that Learns and Corrects Itself
< Photo. The research team of the School of Electrical Engineering posed by the newly deveoped processor. (From center to the right) Professor Young-Gyu Yoon, Integrated Master's and Doctoral Program Students Seungjae Han and Hakcheon Jeong and Professor Shinhyun Choi > - Professor Shinhyun Choi and Professor Young-Gyu Yoon’s Joint Research Team from the School of Electrical Engineering developed a computing chip that can learn, correct errors, and process AI tasks - Equipping a computing chip with high-reliability memristor devices with self-error correction functions for real-time learning and image processing Existing computer systems have separate data processing and storage devices, making them inefficient for processing complex data like AI. A KAIST research team has developed a memristor-based integrated system similar to the way our brain processes information. It is now ready for application in various devices including smart security cameras, allowing them to recognize suspicious activity immediately without having to rely on remote cloud servers, and medical devices with which it can help analyze health data in real time. KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on the 17th of January that the joint research team of Professor Shinhyun Choi and Professor Young-Gyu Yoon of the School of Electrical Engineering has developed a next-generation neuromorphic semiconductor-based ultra-small computing chip that can learn and correct errors on its own. < Figure 1. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a computing chip equipped with a highly reliable selector-less 32×32 memristor crossbar array (left). Hardware system developed for real-time artificial intelligence implementation (right). > What is special about this computing chip is that it can learn and correct errors that occur due to non-ideal characteristics that were difficult to solve in existing neuromorphic devices. For example, when processing a video stream, the chip learns to automatically separate a moving object from the background, and it becomes better at this task over time. This self-learning ability has been proven by achieving accuracy comparable to ideal computer simulations in real-time image processing. The research team's main achievement is that it has completed a system that is both reliable and practical, beyond the development of brain-like components. The research team has developed the world's first memristor-based integrated system that can adapt to immediate environmental changes, and has presented an innovative solution that overcomes the limitations of existing technology. < Figure 2. Background and foreground separation results of an image containing non-ideal characteristics of memristor devices (left). Real-time image separation results through on-device learning using the memristor computing chip developed by our research team (right). > At the heart of this innovation is a next-generation semiconductor device called a memristor*. The variable resistance characteristics of this device can replace the role of synapses in neural networks, and by utilizing it, data storage and computation can be performed simultaneously, just like our brain cells. *Memristor: A compound word of memory and resistor, next-generation electrical device whose resistance value is determined by the amount and direction of charge that has flowed between the two terminals in the past. The research team designed a highly reliable memristor that can precisely control resistance changes and developed an efficient system that excludes complex compensation processes through self-learning. This study is significant in that it experimentally verified the commercialization possibility of a next-generation neuromorphic semiconductor-based integrated system that supports real-time learning and inference. This technology will revolutionize the way artificial intelligence is used in everyday devices, allowing AI tasks to be processed locally without relying on remote cloud servers, making them faster, more privacy-protected, and more energy-efficient. “This system is like a smart workspace where everything is within arm’s reach instead of having to go back and forth between desks and file cabinets,” explained KAIST researchers Hakcheon Jeong and Seungjae Han, who led the development of this technology. “This is similar to the way our brain processes information, where everything is processed efficiently at once at one spot.” The research was conducted with Hakcheon Jeong and Seungjae Han, the students of Integrated Master's and Doctoral Program at KAIST School of Electrical Engineering being the co-first authors, the results of which was published online in the international academic journal, Nature Electronics, on January 8, 2025. *Paper title: Self-supervised video processing with self-calibration on an analogue computing platform based on a selector-less memristor array ( https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-024-01318-6 ) This research was supported by the Next-Generation Intelligent Semiconductor Technology Development Project, Excellent New Researcher Project and PIM AI Semiconductor Core Technology Development Project of the National Research Foundation of Korea, and the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Research and Development Support Project of the Institute of Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation.
2025.01.17
View 4332
KAIST Wins CES 2025 Innovation Award, Showcasing Innovative Technologies
KAIST will showcase innovative technologies at the world’s largest technology fair, the Consumer Electronics Show (CES 2025). In addition, KAIST startups VIRNECT Inc., Standard Energy Inc., A2US Inc., and Panmnesia, Inc. won the 2025 CES Innovation Awards. < Image 1. 3D-Graphical Profile of CES 2025 KAIST Exhibition Booth > KAIST (President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced on the 31st that it will operate a 140㎡ standalone booth at CES Eureka Park, which will be held in Las Vegas, USA from January 7th to 10th next year, to showcase KAIST's innovative technologies to global companies and investors. KAIST startups VIRNECT, Standard Energy, A2US, and Panmnesia, Inc. won the 2025 CES Innovation Awards. ▴VIRNECT won the Innovation Award in the ‘Industrial Equipment and Machinery’ category for ‘VisionX’, an AI-based smart glass for industrial sites; ▴Standard Energy Co., Ltd. won the Innovation Award in the ‘Smart City’ category for developing the world’s first vanadium-ion battery; ▴A2US won the Innovation Award in the ‘Environment & Energy’ category for its portable air purifier that eliminates bacteria, odors, and fine dust in the air with just water droplets; ▴Panmnesia, Inc. won the Innovation Award in the ‘Computer Peripherals and Accessories’ category for its ‘CXL-based GPU Memory Expansion Kit’ that can drastically reduce the cost of building AI infrastructure. < Image 2. (From left on the top row) VIRNECT, Standard Energy, (From left on the bottom row) A2US, Panmnesia, Inc. > This exhibition will feature 15 startups that are standing out in cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, mobility, and sustainability. In particular, AI-based deep tech startups in various industries such as logistics, architecture, and medicine will take up half of the total, showcasing the companies’ innovative AI technologies. Polyphenol Factory Co.,Ltd introduces ‘Grabity’, a hair loss shampoo launched domestically, which applies the patented ingredient ‘LiftMax 308™’ that forms an instantaneous protective layer on the hair during the shampooing process. A real-time demonstration will be held at this exhibition hall so that visitors can experience the effects of the ingredient directly, and plans to enter the global market starting with the launch on Amazon in the US in January 2025. VIRNECT will present ‘VisionX’, a prototype that won the Innovation Award this time. The product provides a chatbot AI through an AI voice interface, and has a function that allows users to check the status of the equipment in real time through conversations with the AI and receive troubleshooting guidance through voice conversations, so users can experience it directly at the KAIST Hall. ‘Standard Energy’ plans to exhibit ‘Energy Tile’, an indoor ESS that utilizes the world’s first vanadium ion battery (hereinafter referred to as VIB). VIB is absolutely safe from fire and has high installation flexibility, so it can be applied to smart cities and AI data centers. ‘A2US’ is the only company in the world that has hydroxyl radical water production technology, and won the Innovation Award for its first product, an air purifier. In the future, it is expected to be widely commercialized in air and water purification, smart farms, food tech, and semiconductor cleaning using safe and environmentally friendly hydroxyl radical water. Panmnesia, Inc. won the CES Innovation Award for its GPU memory expansion solution equipped with its CXL 3.1 IP. By connecting a memory expansion device using Panmnesia’s CXL IP, the GPU’s memory capacity can be expanded to the terabyte level. Following the Innovation Award for ‘CXL-equipped AI Accelerator’ at CES 2024 last year, it is the only company to have won the Innovation Award for its AI-oriented CXL solution for two consecutive years. In addition, technologies from a total of 15 companies will be introduced, including ▴Omelet ▴NEXTWAVE ▴Planby Technologies ▴Cosmo Bee ▴ImpactAI ▴Roen Surgical ▴DIDEN Roboticss ▴Autopedia ▴OAQ ▴HydroXpand ▴BOOKEND ▴Sterri. On the central stage of the KAIST Hall, KAIST students selected as CES Student Supporters will conduct interviews with participating companies and promote the companies' innovative technologies and solutions. On the 8th, from 5 PM to 7 PM, a KAIST NIGHT event will be held where pre-invited investors and participating companies can network. Keon Jae Lee, the head of the Institute of Technology Value Creation, said, “Through CES 2025, we will showcase innovative technologies and solutions from startups based on KAIST’s deep science and deep tech, and lead commercialization in cutting-edge technology fields such as AI, robotics, mobility, and environment/energy. KAIST plans to further promote technology commercialization by supporting the growth and marketing of innovative startups through the Institute of Technology Value Creation and by strengthening global networks and expanding cooperation opportunities.”
2024.12.31
View 3455
KAIST Proposes a New Way to Circumvent a Long-time Frustration in Neural Computing
The human brain begins learning through spontaneous random activities even before it receives sensory information from the external world. The technology developed by the KAIST research team enables much faster and more accurate learning when exposed to actual data by pre-learning random information in a brain-mimicking artificial neural network, and is expected to be a breakthrough in the development of brain-based artificial intelligence and neuromorphic computing technology in the future. KAIST (President Kwang-Hyung Lee) announced on the 16th of December that Professor Se-Bum Paik 's research team in the Department of Brain Cognitive Sciences solved the weight transport problem*, a long-standing challenge in neural network learning, and through this, explained the principles that enable resource-efficient learning in biological brain neural networks. *Weight transport problem: This is the biggest obstacle to the development of artificial intelligence that mimics the biological brain. It is the fundamental reason why large-scale memory and computational work are required in the learning of general artificial neural networks, unlike biological brains. Over the past several decades, the development of artificial intelligence has been based on error backpropagation learning proposed by Geoffery Hinton, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics this year. However, error backpropagation learning was thought to be impossible in biological brains because it requires the unrealistic assumption that individual neurons must know all the connected information across multiple layers in order to calculate the error signal for learning. < Figure 1. Illustration depicting the method of random noise training and its effects > This difficult problem, called the weight transport problem, was raised by Francis Crick, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the structure of DNA, after the error backpropagation learning was proposed by Hinton in 1986. Since then, it has been considered the reason why the operating principles of natural neural networks and artificial neural networks will forever be fundamentally different. At the borderline of artificial intelligence and neuroscience, researchers including Hinton have continued to attempt to create biologically plausible models that can implement the learning principles of the brain by solving the weight transport problem. In 2016, a joint research team from Oxford University and DeepMind in the UK first proposed the concept of error backpropagation learning being possible without weight transport, drawing attention from the academic world. However, biologically plausible error backpropagation learning without weight transport was inefficient, with slow learning speeds and low accuracy, making it difficult to apply in reality. KAIST research team noted that the biological brain begins learning through internal spontaneous random neural activity even before experiencing external sensory experiences. To mimic this, the research team pre-trained a biologically plausible neural network without weight transport with meaningless random information (random noise). As a result, they showed that the symmetry of the forward and backward neural cell connections of the neural network, which is an essential condition for error backpropagation learning, can be created. In other words, learning without weight transport is possible through random pre-training. < Figure 2. Illustration depicting the meta-learning effect of random noise training > The research team revealed that learning random information before learning actual data has the property of meta-learning, which is ‘learning how to learn.’ It was shown that neural networks that pre-learned random noise perform much faster and more accurate learning when exposed to actual data, and can achieve high learning efficiency without weight transport. < Figure 3. Illustration depicting research on understanding the brain's operating principles through artificial neural networks > Professor Se-Bum Paik said, “It breaks the conventional understanding of existing machine learning that only data learning is important, and provides a new perspective that focuses on the neuroscience principles of creating appropriate conditions before learning,” and added, “It is significant in that it solves important problems in artificial neural network learning through clues from developmental neuroscience, and at the same time provides insight into the brain’s learning principles through artificial neural network models.” This study, in which Jeonghwan Cheon, a Master’s candidate of KAIST Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences participated as the first author and Professor Sang Wan Lee of the same department as a co-author, was presented at the 38th Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), the world's top artificial intelligence conference, on December 14th in Vancouver, Canada. (Paper title: Pretraining with random noise for fast and robust learning without weight transport) This study was conducted with the support of the National Research Foundation of Korea's Basic Research Program in Science and Engineering, the Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation Institute's Talent Development Program, and the KAIST Singularity Professor Program.
2024.12.16
View 4688
KAIST Awarded Presidential Commendation for Contributions in Software Industry
- At the “25th Software Industry Day” celebration held in the afternoon on Monday, December 2nd, 2024 at Yangjae L Tower in Seoul - KAIST was awarded the “Presidential Commendation” for its contributions for the advancement of the Software Industry in the Group Category - Korea’s first AI master’s and doctoral degree program opened at KAIST Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI - Focus on training non-major developers through SW Officer Training Academy "Jungle", Machine Learning Engineer Bootcamp, etc., talents who can integrate development and collaboration, and advanced talents in the latest AI technologies. - Professor Minjoon Seo of KAIST Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI received Prime Minister’s Commendation for his contributions for the advancement of the software industry. < Photo 1. Professor Kyung-soo Kim, the Senior Vice President for Planning and Budget (second from the left) and the Manager of Planning Team, Mr. Sunghoon Jung, stand at the stage after receiving the Presidential Commendation as KAIST was selected as one of the groups that contributed to the advancement of the software industry at the "25th Software Industry Day" celebration. > “KAIST has been leading the way in achieving the grand goal of fostering 1 million AI talents in Korea by services that pan from providing various educational opportunities, from developing the capabilities of experts with no computer science specialty to fostering advanced professionals. I would like to thank all members of KAIST community who worked hard to achieve the great feat of receiving the Presidential Commendations.” (KAIST President Kwang Hyung Lee) KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on December 3rd that it was selected as a group that contributed to the advancement of the software industry at the “2024 Software Industry Day” celebration held at the Yangjae El Tower in Seoul on the 2nd of December and received a presidential commendation. The “Software Industry Day”, hosted by the Ministry of Science and ICT and organized by the National IT Industry Promotion Agency and the Korea Software Industry Association, is an event designed to promote the status of software industry workers in Korea and to honor their achievements. Every year, those who have made significant contributions to policy development, human resource development, and export growth for industry revitalization are selected and awarded the ‘Software Industry Development Contribution Award.’ KAIST was recognized for its contribution to developing a demand-based, industrial field-centric curriculum and fostering non-major developers and convergence talents with the goal of expanding software value and fostering excellent human resources. < Photo 2. Senior Vice President for Planning and Budget Kyung-soo Kim receiving the commendation as the representative of KAIST > Specifically, it first opened the SW Officer Training Academy "Jungle" to foster convergent program developers equipped with the abilities to handle both the computer coding and human interactions for collaborations. This is a non-degree program that provides intensive study and assignments for 5 months for graduates and intellectuals without prior knowledge of computer science. KAIST Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI opened and operated Korea’s first master's and doctoral degree program in the field of artificial intelligence. In addition, it planned a “Machine Learning Engineers’ Boot Camp” and conducted lectures and practical training for a total of 16 weeks on the latest AI technologies such as deep learning basics and large language models. It aims to strengthen the practical capabilities of start-up companies while lowering the threshold for companies to introduce AI technology. Also, KAIST was selected to participate in the 1st and 2nd stages of the Software-centered University Project and has been taking part in the project since 2016. Through this, it was highly evaluated for promoting curriculum based on latest technology, an autonomous system where students directly select integrated education, and expansion of internships. < Photo 3. Professor Minjoon Seo of Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI, who received the Prime Minister's Commendation for his contribution to the advancement of the software industry on the same day > At the awards ceremony that day, Professor Minjoon Seo of KAIST Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI also received the Prime Minister's Commendation for his contribution to the advancement of the software industry. Professor Seo was recognized for his leading research achievements in the fields of AI and natural language processing by publishing 28 papers in top international AI conferences over the past four years. At the same time, he was noted for his contributions to enhancing the originality and innovation of language model research, such as △knowledge encoding, △knowledge access and utilization, and △high-dimensional inference performance, and for demonstrating leadership in the international academic community. President Kwang Hyung Lee of KAIST stated, “Our university will continue to do its best to foster software talents with global competitiveness through continuous development of cutting-edge curriculum and innovative degree systems.”
2024.12.03
View 3542
KAIST’s RAIBO2 becomes the World’s First Robo-dog to Successfully Complete a Full-course Marathon
KAIST's quadrupedal walking robot "RAIBO", which can run seamlessly on sandy beaches, has now evolved into "RAIBO2"and achieved the groundbreaking milestone by becomeing the world's first quadrupedal robot to successfully complete a full-course marathon in an official event. < Photo 1. A group photo of RAIBO2 and the team after completing the full-course marathon > KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on the 17th of November that Professor Je Min Hwangbo's research team of the Department of Mechanical Engineering participated in the 22nd Sangju Dried-Persimmon Marathon and completed the full-course race (42.195 km) with a time of 4 hours 19 minutes and 52 seconds. < Photo 2. RAIBO2 after completing the full-course marathon with its official record presented on the photo wall > The Sangju Dried Persimmon Marathon is known for its challenging course featuring two 50 m elevation climbs, each at the 14 km and 28 km marks, making it defficult for amateur runners. This made it an especially demanding challenge for the walking robot, as unexpected losses in efficiency could occur. < Photo 3. RAIBO2 with the completion medal around its neck > To prepare RAIBO2, Professor Hwangbo's team developed a walking controller using reinforcement learning algorithms within their proprietary simulation environment "RaiSim". This simulator allowed the team to simlate diverse terrains such as slopes, stairs, and icy roads to ensure stable walking performance. In particular, RAIBO2's high torque transparency joint mechanism enable the robot to efficiently harvest energy on the downhill slopes to regain some of the energy used in climbing up steep hill. In addition, the stability of the robot was greatly improved through the collaboration with RAION ROBOTICS Inc., a company founded by the researchers from Professor Hwangbo’s lab. < Figure 1. Conceptual diagram of power flow employed by the quadrupedal robot > < Figure 2. The process of leg posture change of RAIBO2 walking at the most efficient walking speed of 3 m/s. By reducing the ground contact speed of the feet, the collision energy loss was reduced, and by minimizing the slipperiness of the foot upon contact, the body's kinetic energy was maintained towards the direction of the movement. > Due to the nature of walking, pedal robots must employ highly complex systems that can withstand periodic vibrations from the frequent impacts that occur upon contact with the ground surface. Immediately after development, high efficiency was already recorded in short-distance experiments in the laboratory at the beginning of the year, but the manufacturing technology of RAION ROBOTICS significantly bolstered RAIBO's performance in running safely for a prolonged time of more than 4 hours among random pack of people in an actual marathon. Compared to previous studies on improving walking efficiency, where external parts or software could not be changed and only limited improvements were made in some areas, Professor Hwangbo’s research team cited the fact that they were able to comprehensively solve problems by developing all steps and parts in-house, including mechanism design, electrical design, software, and artificial intelligence, as a key factor in improving efficiency. Following the development of RAIBO1, the research team developed RAIBO2 and optimized all aspects of the robot. In particular, the team integrated the motor driver circuitry directly into the robot to minimize actuator losses and increase the control bandwidth, greatly improving walking efficiency and stability. < Photo 4. RAIBO2 running the full-course marathon along human participants > Choongin Lee, a Ph.D. Student that co-first author of the studies on RAIBO, said, “Through the marathon project, we demonstrated that RAIBO2 has the walking performance to stably execute services such as delivery and patrol in urban environments with many people and random objects,” and “In follow-up research, we will add autonomous navigation functions to RAIBO and strive to achieve the world’s best walking performance in mountainous and disaster environments.” < Photo 5. RAIBO2 and co-first authors of the related research at the Ph.D. program of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KAIST. (From left) Choongin Lee, Donghoon Youm, and Jeongsoo Park > This research was conducted with the support of Samsung Electronics Future Technology Promotion Center and RAION ROBOTICS Inc.
2024.11.17
View 5802
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